Cutaneous Manifestations of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

    January 2017 in “ Dermato-endocrinology ”
    Sowmya Naga Dogiparthi, K. Muralidhar, Krishna G Seshadri, R Sudha
    TLDR Skin and nail problems like hair loss, dry skin, and fungal infections are common in people with long-term Type 2 Diabetes and can be prevented with good blood sugar control and foot care.
    The study documented early cutaneous changes in 205 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) to raise awareness about the importance of controlling diabetes to prevent complications of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN). Common skin changes included peripheral hair loss (90.2%), xerosis (82%), and anhydrosis (79%). Nail changes like onychomycosis (80.5%) and onychauxis (25.8%) were also prevalent. The study found significant correlations between glycemic levels and conditions such as xerosis, varicose veins, anhydrotic skin, and plantar fissures. The results emphasized the need for glycemic control and foot care to prevent severe complications like ulcers and amputations. The document discussed the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of DPN, emphasizing the role of hyperglycemia in initiating metabolic nerve injury through pathways like Protein Kinase C and the polyol pathway. It highlighted the prevalence of DPN in diabetic patients, particularly those aged 51-60, and the associated cutaneous manifestations such as peripheral hair loss, xerosis, and plantar fissures. The study underscored the importance of glycemic control, proper footwear, and regular medical care to prevent complications. It also noted that despite normal BMI, Asian Indians are genetically predisposed to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, leading to a higher incidence of DPN.
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