Lymphocytic Mural Folliculitis Resembling Epitheliotropic Lymphoma in Tigers (Panthera Tigris)

    April 2018 in “ Veterinary Pathology ”
    Mee‐Ja M. Sula, Linda A. Frank, Edward C. Ramsay
    TLDR Tigers had a skin condition causing hair loss and inflammation, but the cause is unknown and treatment didn't work.
    The study investigated a unique form of lymphocytic mural folliculitis in 6 tigers, marked by chronic alopecia on the head, neck, and shoulders, with minimal systemic illness. Histological analysis showed lymphocytic infiltration in hair follicles, resembling epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma, but without significant clinical progression over several years. Despite various treatments, the condition persisted in most tigers, with only 1 case resolving after 7 years. The cause remained unidentified, though infectious and some autoimmune causes were ruled out, suggesting a possible hypersensitivity reaction similar to allergic dermatoses in domestic cats. The study examined 30 biopsies of nonneoplastic skin disease in tigers from 2005 to 2017, finding that 32% of inflammatory conditions manifested as infiltrative lymphocytic mural folliculitis, a pattern unique to tigers. The study highlighted the importance of recognizing this pattern to avoid misdiagnosis as epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma and called for further research to understand the causes.
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