September 2023 in “Asian journal of beauty & cosmetology” Lipids are important for healthy hair, but their exact role is not fully understood and needs more research.
3 citations,
July 2003 in “PubMed” The research found a way to measure hair surface changes by analyzing how light reflects off of it, and determined hair cuticle angles vary by hair length and color.
20 citations,
January 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Older people's hair cuticles get more easily damaged and lose protective oils, especially in their 40s and 50s.
Understanding hair surface properties is key for effective hair care products.
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” Pubic hair has a thicker, more protective outer layer than scalp hair, possibly due to evolution.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
8 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin research and technology” The 12-point scale is better for evaluating small changes in hair condition after using hair care products.
October 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair care products used for 4 weeks made hair smoother.
December 2021 in “Journal of natural fibers” The conclusion is that new methods for isolating hair cuticle cells and removing the cuticle layer are effective and convenient.
5 citations,
January 2021 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Treatments improved hair surface and scale structure but didn't increase certain bonds in the hair cortex.
April 2023 in “CRC Press eBooks” Hair care products mainly work on the hair's surface and need professional guidance for use.
3 citations,
April 2011 in “Microscopy research and technique” Teratoma hair is similar to scalp hair but has a rougher surface and lower adhesive force.
52 citations,
August 1978 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Human hair's ability to get wet is complex and can change with treatments, damage, and environment.
2 citations,
February 2016 in “Journal of sol-gel science and technology” A small molecule can strengthen fine hair, making it more resistant and natural-feeling.
Different treatments change the strength and flexibility of human hair.
75 citations,
November 1965 in “Textile research journal” Papain and bisulfite break down human hair by dissolving parts of it.
52 citations,
February 2005 in “Biopolymers” Chemical hair straightening changes hair proteins and mostly fixes broken bonds.
20 citations,
April 2013 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
1 citations,
November 2022 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Male and female human hairs have different microscopic structures that can help in forensic analysis.
50 citations,
March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Human hair is complex and grows in cycles starting from embryonic life.
17 citations,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
8 citations,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
15 citations,
November 2004 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Holes in mature hair are likely caused by the removal of substances during hair care.
25 citations,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
7 citations,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
April 2023 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Direct heat perms cause more damage to hair than softening heat perms.
788 citations,
February 2007 in “Nature” The document concludes that skin stem cells are important for hair growth and wound healing, and could be used in regenerative medicine.
17 citations,
July 2019 in “Scientific reports” Surface and internal treatments can help prevent hair lipid loss during washing.
January 2024 in “Uttar Pradesh journal of zoology” Chemical treatments severely damage hair cuticles, especially in previously treated hair.
36 citations,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.