9 citations
,
July 2018 in “Acta biomaterialia” This study reports a good correlation between the curvature of human eyelashes and the displacement of the neutral axis, influenced by the non-uniform thickness of the outer cuticle layer.
8 citations
,
July 2013 in “PLoS ONE” This study found that a new method using enzymatic laundry powder effectively extracts DNA from hair shafts, showing promise for genome-wide DNA analyses.
This chapter provides an overview of the complex chemical and physical structure of the hair surface, detailing how factors like ethnicity, environmental stress, and cosmetic treatments can alter its properties and influence the adhesion of hair care products.
January 2026 in “Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry” This review suggests that standardized herbal shampoos may offer a safe and sustainable alternative to synthetic products due to their natural saponins and multifunctional benefits, though challenges in consistency and shelf-life persist.
May 2024 in “International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research” The study developed a hair cream using extracts from plants like Hibiscus rosa sinensis and Nigella sativa, reporting that it may protect the scalp and hair by providing antimicrobial effects, promoting hair growth, and preventing hair fall and graying.
January 2019 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” This study utilized advanced imaging techniques to quantify hair damage and dye uptake dynamics, revealing that compound penetration in hair is influenced by molecule size and lipophilicity.
July 2016 in “Indian journal of science and technology” In this study, researchers found that neonate hairs have a distinct microstructure with no medulla and smaller hair follicles compared to adult hairs.
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” This study found that microfibrils play a crucial role in shaping permanent waves by thioglycolic acid, and treating damaged hair with hydrolyzed keratin improved both waving efficiency and hair damage.
52 citations
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August 1978 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Human hair's ability to get wet is complex and can change with treatments, damage, and environment.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “Cosmetics” This study found that washing hair with surfactants reduces the internal density of hair due to cuticle lifting, and suggests that a cuticle-sealing strategy can inhibit this effect and maintain hair homeostasis.
This study observed that treating human hair with NaOH led to partially removed cuticles, resulting in better fiber cohesion and mechanical properties similar to wool, unlike bleach or formic acid treatments, which weakened the fibers.
42 citations
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January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” This study demonstrates that spatially resolved IR and Raman imaging can effectively reveal the molecular structure and composition of untreated human hair, providing insights into its chemistry and structural integrity.
62 citations
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January 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study identified 16 novel high sulfur KAP genes and two KAP pseudogenes on chromosome 21q23, showing expression in a specific region of the hair fiber cuticle.
36 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of dermatological science” This article examines the role and composition of integral hair lipids in forming a protective barrier similar to the skin's epidermal lipid layer and reports no new findings about their effects.
3 citations
,
March 2024 in “Discover Applied Sciences” In this study, researchers found that a protein-enriched cream made from Spirulina platensis improved the physical structure of natural hair, as evidenced by more intact and smoother cuticles compared to a control cream without protein, suggesting its potential for hair care applications.
2 citations
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February 2016 in “Journal of sol-gel science and technology” This study found that 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane penetrates hair fibers and improves the mechanical resistance of dry hair, addressing the needs for increased body in fine hair.
August 2021 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” This study found that using natural polyphenol cross-linkers like tannic acid and green tea extract during perm treatments improved perming efficiency, wave maintenance, and hair protection compared to a control group.
Modern hair restoration techniques can effectively treat hair loss and provide natural-looking results.
January 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hair transplantation is a treatment for hair loss mainly caused by genetics, with various techniques and potential complications, and results visible after 8-12 months.
40 citations
,
February 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology” In this study, hair damaged by permanent dye showed signs of recovery over time, with near complete restoration to its original state after eight weeks.
10 citations
,
January 2001 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” In this study, autophagy was commonly observed during keratinization in neonate rat hair follicles, suggesting lysosomal proteases and cytoplasmic enzymes may coordinate in hair follicle cell differentiation.
9 citations
,
February 2022 in “Nature communications” This study identified KRT82 as a significant Alopecia Areata risk gene, finding that rare damaging variants are linked to elevated immune cell infiltration around hair follicles in affected individuals.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Studia Biologica” This review discusses the properties and extraction methods of keratins from natural fibers and highlights their promising applications in fields such as biomedicine, bioengineering, and forensic science, but reports no new experimental results.
25 citations
,
November 2012 in “Thermochimica Acta” This study found that lipid extraction increased water diffusion in wool and hair fibers; the effect was more pronounced in hair, indicating lipids are crucial for water permeability.
15 citations
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August 2020 in “Analytical chemistry” This study observed that lipids in human hair accumulate in specific areas and do not significantly impact water permeability, highlighting the utility of AFMIR for studying complex biomaterials.
22 citations
,
September 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that mu-crystallin gene expression in mouse skin is highest during the anagen phase of hair development, suggesting its possible role in hair follicle growth.
20 citations
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December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” This study found that at pH 9.0, CYS penetrated less and caused less damage to virgin human hair than TG because it barely reached the cortex region.
September 2025 in “Cosmetics” In this study, researchers found that the lipid composition in hair significantly affects water diffusion and may explain differences in dyeing and cosmetic treatment responses between Asian and European hair, with CP2 fibers having more lipids than CP3 fibers.
June 2025 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” In this study, researchers developed a simplified and reliable method to prepare human hair shaft samples, achieving over 75% protein extraction efficiency and improved keratin sequence coverage, with the approach showing high reproducibility across different labs and operators.
May 2024 in “Proteome science” This study found that the PLEE method increased hair protein extraction efficiency threefold and that bleaching hair reduced the coverage of keratin and associated proteins, leading to poorer hair quality, though it did not affect the overall protein identification.