Transglutaminase-3 Enzyme: A Putative Actor in Human Hair Shaft Scaffolding?

August 2008 in “ The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology ”

S. Thibaut, Nükhet Cavusoglu, E. De Becker, F. Zerbib, Audrey Bednarczyk, Christine Schaeffer, Alain Van Dorsselaer, Bruno Bernard

Transglutaminase-3 TGase 3 hair shaft scaffolding hair cuticle hair cortex isopeptide cross-links keratins keratin-associated proteins KAPs hair shaft keratinization structural integrity mechanical strength rigidity

TLDR TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.

The study investigated the role of Transglutaminase-3 (TGase 3) in human hair shaft scaffolding. TGase 3 was found to be specifically expressed in the hair cuticle and cortex, where it catalyzed isopeptide cross-links between keratins and keratin-associated proteins (KAPs). This activity was confirmed through various biochemical techniques, including gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and western blotting. The findings suggested that TGase 3 played a significant role in hair shaft keratinization and structural integrity, contributing to the hair's mechanical strength and rigidity.

View this study on jidonline.org →

Discuss this study in the Community →

Research cited in this study

12 / 12 results

research Hair: The Most Sophisticated Biological Composite Material

254 citations , January 2007 in “Chemical Society Reviews”

Hair is a complex protein fiber with unique properties useful for developing hair products.

research Cystatin M/E Is a High Affinity Inhibitor of Cathepsin V and Cathepsin L by a Reactive Site Distinct from the Legumain-binding Site

100 citations , March 2006 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Cystatin M/E strongly inhibits cathepsin V and cathepsin L, important for skin formation.

research Human Hair Keratin-Associated Proteins

71 citations , August 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings”

Hair keratin-associated proteins are essential for strong hair, with over 80 genes showing specific patterns and variations among people.

research Human KAP Genes: Only Half of It? Extensive Size Polymorphisms in Hair Keratin-Associated Protein Genes

53 citations , June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

KAP genes show significant genetic variability, but its impact on hair traits is unclear.

research Hair Keratin Pattern in Human Hair Follicles Grown In Vitro

29 citations , April 2003 in “Experimental dermatology”

Human hair follicles grown in vitro maintain normal keratin patterns and structure.

research Characterization of a First Domain of Human High Glycine-Tyrosine and High Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes on Chromosome 21q22.1

100 citations , December 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Researchers mapped and categorized specific keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 21q22.1.

research Polymorphisms in the Human High Sulfur Hair Keratin-Associated Protein 1, KAP1, Gene Family

48 citations , November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.

research HKAP1.6 And HKAP1.7, Two Novel Human High Sulfur Keratin-Associated Proteins Are Expressed In The Hair Follicle Cortex

24 citations , February 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Two new proteins, hKAP1.6 and hKAP1.7, are found in the hair follicle cortex.

Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

research Characterization of a Cluster of Human High/Ultrahigh Sulfur Keratin-Associated Protein Genes Embedded in the Type I Keratin Gene Domain on Chromosome 17q12-21

98 citations , June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.

research The Catalog of Human Hair Keratins

235 citations , July 1999 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Human hair is made up of different keratins, some strong and some weak, with specific types appearing at various stages of hair growth.

research The Fate of Trichohyalin

135 citations , October 1997 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Trichohyalin is modified by enzymes to form strong structures in hair cells.

research The Proximal Promoter of the Human Transglutaminase 3 Gene

105 citations , February 1996 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

The TGM3 gene's promoter region is key for skin and hair cell function and may aid gene therapy.

Related Research

2 / 2 results

research Transglutaminase-3 Enzyme: A Putative Actor in Human Hair Shaft Scaffolding?

30 citations , August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.

research Hair Keratinization in Health and Disease

22 citations , October 1996 in “Dermatologic clinics”

Understanding intermediate filaments helps explain hair health and related diseases.