Trichoscopy in Hair Shaft Disorders

August 2018 in “ Dermatologic Clinics ”

Lidia Rudnicka, Małgorzata Olszewska, Anna Waśkiel, Adriana Rakowska

trichoscopy hair shaft disorders monilethrix trichorrhexis nodosa trichorrhexis invaginata Netherton syndrome pili torti pili annulati woolly hair trichothiodystrophy ectodermal dysplasias

Studysummary This article reviews various hair abnormalities observable through trichoscopy in conditions like monilethrix, trichorrhexis nodosa, and ectodermal dysplasias, with no new clinical findings reported.

Our plain-language summary. Not medical advice or a treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before changing treatment. Full disclaimer

The document from 2018 highlights the use of trichoscopy as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for hair shaft disorders, which has become more practical than light microscopy in dermatology. Trichoscopy allows for the examination of hair structure and size without the need for hair extraction. The article classifies hair shaft abnormalities detectable by trichoscopy, such as fractures, narrowings, and twists, and describes diseases like monilethrix and trichorrhexis nodosa, including their trichoscopic features. It also discusses trichorrhexis invaginata, which is indicative of Netherton syndrome, and pili torti, a condition with twisted hair shafts. Additionally, the document covers other disorders like pili annulati, woolly hair, trichothiodystrophy, and ectodermal dysplasias, all of which have distinct trichoscopic patterns. The effectiveness of trichoscopy in diagnosing these conditions without hair removal is emphasized, showcasing its importance in the field of dermatology.

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Research cited in this study

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research A Missense Mutation Within the Helix Termination Motif of KRT25 Causes Autosomal Dominant Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis

33 citations , September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes woolly hair and hair loss.

research Monilethrix In Monozygotic Twins With Very Rare Mutation In KRT 86 Gene

6 citations , March 2017 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

This article reviews genetic mutations linked to monilethrix, a hereditary hair disorder, and reports no new clinical findings on the condition's variability in symptoms and severity.

research Pili Annulati with Multiple Fragile Hairs

4 citations , January 2017 in “Annals of Dermatology”

Frequent hairdryer use may worsen hair fragility in people with Pili Annulati.

research Prognosis and Management of Congenital Hair Shaft Disorders with Fragility—Part I

33 citations , June 2016 in “Pediatric Dermatology”

This review examines hair shaft disorders, reporting limited evidence for treatments like minoxidil and oral retinoids, and emphasizes gentle hair care and genetic counseling for managing congenital cases.

research Dermoscopy: A Rapid Bedside Tool to Assess Monilethrix

11 citations , December 2015 in “Indian journal of dermatology, venereology, and leprology”

Dermoscopy quickly and accurately diagnosed a rare hair disorder in a 12-year-old girl.

research Hair Shafts in Trichoscopy

86 citations , October 2013 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

Trichoscopy is a useful non-invasive method for diagnosing different hair loss conditions.

research Trichoscopy

42 citations , October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics”

This article reviews the use of trichoscopy for diagnosing common hair and scalp diseases and introduces a new classification for specific skin surface abnormalities, without presenting new clinical results.

research Exclamation Marks and Other Trichoscopic Signs of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

33 citations , September 2012 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

This article reviews trichoscopic signs of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, including exclamation marks, but reports no new clinical results.

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6 citations , January 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology”

This article discusses monilethrix, a rare human hair dysplasia caused by mutations in hair keratins, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Autosomal-Dominant Woolly Hair Resulting from Disruption of Keratin 74, a Potential Determinant of Human Hair Texture

97 citations , March 2010 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics”

A mutation in the KRT74 gene causes tightly curled hair.

research Woolly Hair with Alopecia Areata in a Caucasian Girl

2 citations , March 2010 in “European journal of dermatology/EJD. European journal of dermatology”

This case report describes a 5-year-old girl with trichorrhexis nodosa and highlights the presence of isolated curly hairs on her scalp despite hair loss over four months.

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21 citations , January 2010 in “International journal of trichology”

This report on two Indian male siblings with monilethrix highlights trichoscopy's role in diagnosing this condition, which can be complicated by early-onset androgenetic alopecia.

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34 citations , December 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

This review discusses the use of ceramic-coated flat irons for hair straightening and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight potential hair damage risks from improper use.

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68 citations , August 2009 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A”

This study systematically reviewed clinical findings in trichothiodystrophy patients and suggested a new clinico-genetic classification to help better understand the ichthyotic phenotype and its management.

research Hair Shaft Videodermoscopy in Netherton Syndrome

41 citations , December 2008 in “Pediatric Dermatology”

This case report indicates that trichoscopy may significantly improve the diagnosis of Netherton syndrome by noninvasively identifying typical hair abnormalities without the need to pull hair.

research Trichoscopy

44 citations , August 2008 in “Archives of Dermatology”

This abstract provides no results; it is a website notification about cookies and general access to JAMA content.

research The Genetics of Hair Shaft Disorders

59 citations , June 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

This article reviews major types of genetic hair shaft defects and associated syndromes, emphasizing understanding histologic features and diagnostic methods, but reports no new clinical findings.

research Disruption of P2RY5, an Orphan G Protein–Coupled Receptor, Underlies Autosomal Recessive Woolly Hair

210 citations , February 2008 in “Nature genetics”

This study found mutations in the P2RY5 gene that are linked to autosomal recessive woolly hair in Pakistani families, implicating it in hair texture determination.

research An Autosomal Recessive Form of Monilethrix Is Caused by Mutations in DSG4: Clinical Overlap with Localized Autosomal Recessive Hypotrichosis

97 citations , March 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study identified four novel DSG4 mutations associated with monilethrix in 12 Jewish families, suggesting a recessive inheritance pattern and broader prevalence of DSG4-related hair disorders than previously recognized.

research Office Diagnosis of Hair Shaft Defects

33 citations , March 2006 in “Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery”

This article illustrates various hair shaft defects and suggests that dermatologists can diagnose most of them using light microscopy and polarization without needing advanced imaging techniques.

Hair Shaft Abnormalities: Clues to Diagnosis and Treatment

Trichoscopy in Hair Shaft Disorders

Research cited in this study

research A Missense Mutation Within the Helix Termination Motif of KRT25 Causes Autosomal Dominant Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis

research Monilethrix In Monozygotic Twins With Very Rare Mutation In KRT 86 Gene

research Pili Annulati with Multiple Fragile Hairs

research Prognosis and Management of Congenital Hair Shaft Disorders with Fragility—Part I

research Dermoscopy: A Rapid Bedside Tool to Assess Monilethrix

research Hair Shafts in Trichoscopy

research Trichoscopy

research Exclamation Marks and Other Trichoscopic Signs of Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia

research Masquerading of Trichotillomania in a Family with Monilethrix

research Autosomal-Dominant Woolly Hair Resulting from Disruption of Keratin 74, a Potential Determinant of Human Hair Texture

research Woolly Hair with Alopecia Areata in a Caucasian Girl

research Monilethrix in Pattern Distribution in Siblings: Diagnosis by Trichoscopy

research Ceramic Flat Irons: Improper Use Leading to Acquired Trichorrhexis Nodosa

research New Clinico-Genetic Classification of Trichothiodystrophy

research Hair Shaft Videodermoscopy in Netherton Syndrome

research Trichoscopy

research The Genetics of Hair Shaft Disorders

research Disruption of P2RY5, an Orphan G Protein–Coupled Receptor, Underlies Autosomal Recessive Woolly Hair

research An Autosomal Recessive Form of Monilethrix Is Caused by Mutations in DSG4: Clinical Overlap with Localized Autosomal Recessive Hypotrichosis

research Office Diagnosis of Hair Shaft Defects

research Hair Shaft Abnormalities: Clues to Diagnosis and Treatment

research Update on Detection, Morphology, and Fragility in Pili Annulati in Three Kindreds

research Medical and Surgical Therapies for Alopecias in Black Women

research Pseudopili Annulati in a Dark-Haired Individual: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study

research Clinical Response of Alopecia, Trichorrhexis Nodosa, and Dry, Scaly Skin to Zinc Supplementation

research Polarization Microscopy of Hair in Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

research Trichorrhexis Nodosa: Study on Hair Involvement and Trauma