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Understanding hair structure and growth is key for diagnosing hair diseases accurately.

The document explains how hair follicles develop, their structure, and how they grow.

The document reviews various hair and nail disorders, their causes, and treatments, emphasizing the need for proper diagnosis and the link between nail changes and systemic diseases.

A 12-year-old girl was diagnosed with monilethrix, a genetic condition causing fragile, beaded hair that breaks easily, with no effective treatment available.

Cyclosporine may cause hair loss, so patients need monitoring.

Platelet-rich plasma may improve hair density and count in male pattern hair loss, but more high-quality research is needed.

The document concludes that treatment can improve hair growth and symptoms in Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution.

Human hair follicles have a scent receptor that can influence hair growth.

Trichoscopy is useful for diagnosing and monitoring systemic lupus erythematosus, with certain hair and scalp changes indicating more active disease.

Baricitinib improved severe hair loss in adults over 52 weeks and was safe to use.

New treatments for hair loss from alopecia areata may include targeting immune cells, using stem cells, balancing gut bacteria, applying fatty acids, and using JAK inhibitors.

The patient's hair loss from alopecia totalis returned despite initial successful treatment.

The research found that male pattern hair loss is mostly genetic and involves hair thinning due to hormonal effects and changes in gene expression.

Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.

Male pattern baldness involves hormone-related hair thinning, shorter hair, and inflammation.

IGFBP-rP1 could be a new treatment for a common type of hair loss.

Oral minoxidil effectively reduces hair shedding in women with CTE, with no major side effects.

Hamilton scale imprecise, hair shaft diameter decreases, stem cell transplant regrows hair, ECP ineffective for alopecia areata universalis.

The study created 3D-printed pills that effectively release a hair loss treatment drug over 24 hours.

Many potential alopecia treatments need more testing to confirm they promote acceptable hair growth with minimal side effects.

Menopause causes skin and hair to become drier and thinner, but hormone therapy can improve these conditions.

Alopecia common in teens, may indicate endocrine issue, minoxidil effective treatment.

Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.

A young woman's rare ovarian tumor was successfully removed, improving her hormonal symptoms.

Two unusual cases showed that Lichen Planopilaris can look like other skin conditions and need early treatment to protect hair.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

Beard hair can be used for hair transplants in severe alopecia cases, with minimal complications and good results.

The document concludes that scalp health is influenced by complex factors affecting sebaceous glands, including hormones, aging, and various substances.

Galea fixation is a safe and effective way to remove bald scalp with minimal scarring and reduced stretch-back.