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The structure of SRD5A reveals how it reduces steroids, aiding drug design for related health conditions.

Liquorice may reduce testosterone and affect male reproductive organs, potentially helping treat conditions like prostate cancer.

Testosterone replacement therapy improves libido, mood, muscle strength, and bone density in men with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome.

New compounds may help treat prostate cancer by reducing cell growth.

Triple Hormonal Blockade (ADT3) can effectively manage prostate cancer but requires careful monitoring for heart risks.

PSA testing is a reliable method for detecting prostate cancer, and opioids may lower PSA levels, but triglycerides don't affect prostate cancer risk.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) mainly affects nearby cells, doesn't significantly change prostate hormonal environment or cancer risk, and doesn't play a main role in causing hair loss or acne. More research is needed on its effects on heart health, sexual function, and bone health.

Higher urethral PSA levels after prostate removal surgery may be linked to more hair loss and higher PSA levels post-surgery.

Dutasteride effectively treats enlarged prostate, reduces prostate cancer risk, and promotes hair regrowth with few side effects.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may have additional effects on cancer, mental health, heart health, and hormone levels beyond treating prostate enlargement.

Men with low testosterone should be carefully evaluated and monitored before and during treatment.

Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.

The foreword introduces a medical issue discussing male hormonal health, treatments, and the effects of conditions like obesity and aging.

The BJUI supports clinical trials as key for unbiased medical evidence and works to enhance their design, reporting, and discussion.

Case-only trees and random forests improve predictions of treatment effects in clinical trials.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.

Antiandrogens affect androgen-dependent body functions and are used for various medical conditions, with some risks like fetus feminization, but new forms like 17α-propylmesterolone show promise for acne without systemic effects.

Minoxidil can reduce functions related to androgen receptors.

Finasteride may cause breast enlargement, low testosterone a risk factor.

Finasteride helps increase or maintain hair in most men but can cause sexual side effects and should not be used by women, especially during pregnancy.

The document concludes that targeting the androgen receptor may be a promising breast cancer treatment, especially for certain types.

Dutasteride and finasteride do not significantly affect bone density, blood fats, or blood production, but slightly lower PSA levels and minimally impact sexual function in healthy young men.

Taking finasteride for benign prostate hyperplasia may increase the risk of osteoporosis, especially at higher doses.

Baldness score can't be used to predict prostate size.

Different drugs for prostate-related urinary symptoms work but have various side effects, and treatment should be tailored to the individual.

The medications 5α-reductase inhibitors and spironolactone are generally safe for breast cancer patients on endocrine therapies and do not significantly increase breast cancer risk.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

Medications have become the main treatment for enlarged prostate symptoms, replacing surgery and watchful waiting.

Taking 5-α reductase inhibitors for prostate enlargement or hair loss does not significantly raise the risk of erectile dysfunction.