43 citations,
September 2001 in “Scanning” Hair treatments like bleaching increase friction by exposing tiny pores on the hair surface.
36 citations,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
25 citations,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” Bleaching hair causes significant damage by breaking down proteins and fatty acids.
20 citations,
June 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Bleaching hair damages protein structure, especially keratin, leading to weakened hair.
19 citations,
July 2018 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Bleaching and combing damage hair's surface and mechanical properties.
15 citations,
June 2019 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Chemical and physical treatments like bleaching, dyeing, and UV radiation damage both Caucasian and Afro-ethnic hair.
8 citations,
January 2016 in “Journal of fiber science and technology” Bleaching hair increases cysteic acid levels in a predictable way.
7 citations,
January 1995 Silicone pretreatment protects hair from damage and reduces color fading without interfering with bleaching or dyeing.
4 citations,
December 2018 in “Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” A new method accurately measures amino acids in treated hair, showing bleaching reduces amino acids while protein treatments increase them.
May 2024 in “Proteome science” Bleaching damages hair by reducing the quality of keratin and keratin-associated proteins.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
2 citations,
June 2018 in “Cosmetics” AMPD is a better and less damaging alternative to ammonium hydroxide for hair bleaching.
9 citations,
January 2011 in “Journal of X-ray science and technology” Perming and bleaching damage hair differently, with bleached hair having more cysteic acid in the cuticle.
29 citations,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
12 citations,
February 2016 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” Sulforaphane may help with hair growth by breaking down a hormone that causes hair loss.
10 citations,
March 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Oxidation changes human hair by breaking down fats and forming new acidic groups, affecting how it interacts with conditioners and cosmetics.
6 citations,
January 2013 in “Experimental dermatology” Bimatoprost increases hair growth in mice without breaking down into other substances.
147 citations,
September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
4 citations,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
May 2021 in “Veterinarìâ, tehnologìï tvarinnictva ta prirodokoristuvannâ” Treating sheep and wild goats with specific medications and bathing sheep was 100% effective against a contagious skin disease caused by mites.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Certain mutations in the KLHL24 gene cause a skin disorder by breaking down an important skin protein.
July 2011 in “Microscopy and microanalysis” Human hair's structure makes it tough and resistant to breaking.
41 citations,
June 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Engineered skin substitutes can grow hair but have limitations like missing sebaceous glands and hair not breaking through the skin naturally.
7 citations,
November 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair breaks differently when wet or dry and is affected by its condition and treatments like perms and bleaching.
3 citations,
August 1980 in “Acs Symposium Series” Hair increases in size when it absorbs water, and treatments like bleaching affect how much water it can take in.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The protein DDX6 helps keep skin cells renewing properly by controlling the production of certain other proteins and breaking down those that cause cells to mature too quickly.
18 citations,
February 2015 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D: Structural Biology” The study concludes that certain domains in Clostridium histolyticum enzymes are structurally unique, bind calcium to become more stable, and play distinct roles in breaking down collagen, with potential applications in medicine and drug delivery.
15 citations,
March 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Clotrimazole, an antifungal cream, may safely reduce skin pigmentation by breaking down the enzyme needed for making melanin.
36 citations,
August 2011 in “Journal of dermatological science” Human hair has a protective lipid layer that can be damaged by moisture and treatments, affecting hair growth and health.
33 citations,
June 1995 in “International journal of legal medicine” Environmental factors can greatly reduce drug levels in hair.