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Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Use minoxidil for hair loss treatment; assess results after 6 months.

The niche environment controls stem cell behavior and plasticity, which is important for tissue health and repair.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

PEVs improve minoxidil skin penetration, increasing hair growth.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Liposomes could improve how skin care products work but are costly and not very stable.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.

MicroRNA-214 is important for skin and hair growth because it affects the Wnt pathway.

One minoxidil-sensitive potassium channel exists in human hair follicles.

Thymosin β4 promotes hair growth by activating stem cells in hair follicles.

The document concludes that adult mammalian skin contains multiple stem cell populations with specific markers, important for understanding skin regeneration and related conditions.

The yeast Pityrosporum ovale can cause skin allergies and infections, and antifungal treatments like ketoconazole are effective against it.

Conditioned media from mesenchymal stem cell cultures could be a more effective alternative for regenerative therapies, but more research is needed.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

ADSC-CM treatment improved hair density and thickness in women with hair loss, safely and effectively.

The conclusion is that tissue structure is key for stem cell communication and maintaining healthy tissues.

DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.

Correcting nutrient deficiencies may help with hair loss, but the benefits of supplements without a deficiency are uncertain and could be harmful.

Fat tissue cells are a promising option for healing various diseases, but more research is needed to ensure they are safe and effective.

Costunolide may have multiple health benefits, including promoting hair growth and protecting against cancer and diabetes, but more research is needed.

Certain fungi and bacteria help orchid seeds germinate and plants grow better.

Multiphoton microscopy is a promising tool for detailed skin imaging and could improve patient care if its challenges are addressed.

Tattooing helps treat skin conditions, reconstruct nipple-areola, mark radiation fields, and locate lesions.

Photothermal hydrogels are promising for infection control and tissue repair, and combining them with other treatments could improve results and lower costs.

Ablative fractional resurfacing could improve how well topical drugs penetrate the skin, but more research is needed to fine-tune the method.

Targeting glucocorticoid action might help treat type-2 diabetes, but human trials are needed.