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The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.

Testosterone can slow hair growth in adult monkeys, but a blocker called RU 58841 can counteract this and potentially help hair regrow.

Baldness, especially at the front, may lower the risk of testicular cancer by 31%, but its link to prostate cancer is unclear.

New androgen receptor modulators show promise for treating diseases like prostate cancer and muscle wasting.

The research found that male pattern hair loss is mostly genetic and involves hair thinning due to hormonal effects and changes in gene expression.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

Hormones and their receptors, especially androgens, play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness.

Androgens slow hair growth by altering Wnt signaling in balding cells.

Cyanidin 3-O-arabinoside may help treat a common form of hair loss by protecting cells against aging and improving cell function.

Noni fruit extract, specifically the FEA-3 sub-fraction, can increase hair growth and reduce baldness in male rabbits, potentially acting like common hair loss treatments.

Only minoxidil and finasteride are FDA-approved for hair loss, with other treatments available but less effective or with side effects.

Skin problems in PCOS, like excess hair, acne, and hair loss, may not always indicate high male hormone levels and need careful diagnosis for proper treatment.

The document concludes that targeting 5α-reductase, the androgen receptor, and hair growth genes, along with using compounds with anti-androgenic properties, could lead to more effective hair loss treatments.

Hair follicle size is mainly influenced by the number of cells and extracellular matrix volume, with cell number having a larger impact.

Ustekinumab significantly improved sexual function and quality of life for people with moderate to severe psoriasis.

Male hormones, particularly DHT, are linked to male pattern hair loss, and treatments like finasteride can help, but they don't work for postmenopausal women's hair loss, which may have different causes.

ERG increases SOX9, promoting prostate cancer growth and invasion.

Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Testosterone conversion to 5α-DHT may not be essential for its effects on the skin.

The study found no link between baldness patterns and androgen levels in men with benign prostate enlargement or prostate cancer.

Human prostate cells produce more WISP1/CCN4 when there's not enough oxygen.

Hirsutism is mainly caused by high androgen levels or sensitivity, with PCOS being the most common cause.

The study suggests that a specific gene variation and higher gene activity are linked to increased baldness in Egyptian men.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.

The enzyme 5α-reductase is important for proper blood vessel development during the fertility-related transformation of the uterus lining.

After severe COVID-19, 71% of patients experienced excessive hair shedding and thinning within 3 months due to factors like low oxygen levels, medication, stress, and autoimmune disease.

PF-05314882 selectively activates androgen receptors without much effect on prostate and may help in prostate cancer treatment and hair loss prevention.