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The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Scientists have found specific genes linked to different hair loss conditions, which could lead to new treatments.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

The document concludes that early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important for managing symptoms and preventing long-term health problems.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

Cancer development is like natural selection, involving mutated cells and environmental factors.

Tumor suppressors help control inflammation in cancer and restoring their function could lead to new treatments.

The vitamin D receptor can work without its usual activating molecule.

Mice are useful for researching human hair loss and testing treatments, despite some differences between species.

Retinoids increase steroid sulfatase activity in leukemia cells through RARα/RXR and involves certain pathways like phosphoinositide 3-kinase and ERK-MAP kinase.

Understanding skin structure and development helps diagnose and treat skin disorders.

A gene mutation in Lama3 is linked to a common type of hair loss.

Understanding where cancer cells come from helps create better prevention and treatment methods.

A new gene mutation causes female pseudohermaphroditism due to glucocorticoid resistance.

Inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 show potential for treating type 2 diabetes but require more testing for safety and effectiveness.

Asian hair is generally straight and thick, with unique disorders and properties, and more research is needed to understand it fully.

Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome often causes sexual development issues, hair loss, learning disabilities, deafness, muscle contractions, limb pain, and diabetes.

Skin symptoms can indicate endocrine disorders and have various treatments.

Some skin conditions are associated with other serious diseases, and office microscopy may miss many fungal infections.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Laminin-511 is crucial for early hair growth and maintaining important hair development signals.

Aquaporins could be new drug targets for treating polycystic ovary syndrome.

Researchers found a new genetic mutation linked to a hair condition in a Japanese boy.

The document lists various dermatology topics, treatments, and diagnostic methods.

The document concludes that various medications and treatments can have significant, sometimes adverse, effects on health outcomes.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Keratosis pilaris is often linked to genetic mutations and causes skin and hair abnormalities, regardless of those mutations.

Disrupting β-catenin signaling in certain cells causes anorectal malformations.

Cannabinoids like CBD and THC may help treat non-cancer skin diseases, but more research is needed.