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This review examines age-related changes in androgen levels in women and explores the rationale for testosterone replacement therapy, but it reports no new clinical findings.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

This article reviews the limited evidence on testosterone therapy for premenopausal women and notes a lack of long-term safety and effectiveness data for this population.

In this animal study, finasteride was found to significantly lower cortisol and increase testosterone levels in female rats, indicating its broader impact on endocrine regulation by altering adrenal and gonadal hormones.

This case study describes a 15-year-old girl with a Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor who showed high androgen levels and steroidogenic responses similar to patients with polycystic ovary syndrome before surgery.

This review discusses the pathways of androgen biosynthesis and reports no new findings, highlighting the need to understand the interplay between the classic and backdoor pathways.

This article reviews the role of 5α-reductase in cutaneous hyperandrogenism and the potential of 5α-reductase inhibitors and antiandrogens in treating conditions like hirsutism and male-pattern baldness, reporting no clinical results.

This study suggests that synthetic steroid analogues or 5α-reductase modulation could be potential therapeutic strategies for nervous system disorders, but further research on their effects is necessary.

This study reports that new compounds with anti-androgenic effects were found to counteract testosterone in animals without significant estrogenic activity, indicating potential for managing androgen-related conditions.

This case report describes a testosterone- and cortisol-secreting adrenocortical oncocytoma causing hirsutism in a 23-year-old woman, highlighting adrenal oncocytomas as an important consideration for differential diagnosis.

This chapter reviews the biosynthesis, mechanism of action, and therapeutic effects of testosterone and related androgens, but reports no new research findings.

This study found that testosterone therapy can enhance sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women on oestrogen, though ongoing monitoring and research are needed to assess long-term safety and effects in other groups.

This study emphasizes the necessity of confirming elevated testosterone levels detected by immunoassay with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy before pursuing more complex diagnostic evaluations.

In this case study, a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia experienced substantial improvement in musculoskeletal and neurobehavioral symptoms after low-dose testosterone therapy, highlighting its potential role in managing chronic glucocorticoid overtreatment effects.

In this study, abnormal glucose tolerance was found to be prevalent among young Indian women with PCOS, and the use of an oral glucose tolerance test significantly improved its detection.

This study found that the ovarian stromal area to total ovarian area ratio alone is not a strong predictor of biochemical hyperandrogenism in Thai women with PCOS, but combining it with clinical hyperandrogenism improves prediction.

This case study reports that medical imaging of the ovaries may not always conclusively identify the cause of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, as demonstrated by a patient with a rare condition.

This study concluded that heterozygosity for CYP21 mutations is associated with higher mean and free testosterone levels in women but does not significantly increase their risk of developing clinically evident hyperandrogenism.

Women with severe acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia often have higher levels of certain androgens, but the specific pattern can't be predicted just by looking at symptoms.

Lower testosterone levels in men may be linked to a higher risk of severe coronary artery disease.

This article reviews existing knowledge on postmenopausal hyperandrogenism and highlights diagnostic challenges, reporting no new clinical results.

This review discusses the diagnostic challenges of androgen and estrogen-secreting adrenal tumors and highlights that the presence of metastases is the most reliable indicator of malignancy; it reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, idiopathic hirsutism was identified as the most common cause of hirsutism among the participants, with a significant difference in hormone levels between cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism.

Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.

This article provides an overview of diagnosing Cushing's syndrome, emphasizing the importance of assessing clinical signs and the appropriate use of first-line biochemical screening.

This study reported that patients with alopecia areata have reduced expression of the melanocortin receptor MC2R in their scalp tissues compared to normal scalp, indicating potential involvement in the condition's pathophysiology.

This study found that finasteride impaired stress reactivity and reduced exploratory and impulsive behaviors in rats, potentially by altering the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function.

This case report describes a 60-year-old man with a rare 46, XX karyotype who presented with cerebellar infarct and polycythaemia, leading to further endocrine investigations after adrenal gland enlargement was found.

This article reviews the types and characteristics of adrenal cortex tumors, including their hormone secretion and detection as incidental findings, but presents no new research results.

This case study describes a severe instance of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome induced by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, exacerbated by combined use of betamethasone and anabolic steroids, in an HIV-positive patient on cobicistat-containing therapy.