Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals Apigenin and Ellagic Acid in Managing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Its Comorbidities: A Comprehensive Review

November 2025 in “ Frontiers in Endocrinology ”

Acharya Balkrishna, Maneesha Rana, Shalini Mishra, Ritik Agrawal, Satyendra Kumar Rajput, Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran, M. K. Rana, Vedpriya Arya, Ramith Ramu, Ashutosh Upadhayay, Shalini Singh

apigenin ellagic acid Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome PCOS anti-inflammatory antioxidant insulin-sensitizing anti-androgenic ovarian steroidogenesis insulin sensitivity hyperandrogenism ovarian morphology hormonal profiles bioavailability nano-delivery liposomes

TLDR Apigenin and ellagic acid may help manage PCOS symptoms.

This review explores the potential of apigenin and ellagic acid, two phytochemicals, in managing Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and its comorbidities. Both compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, insulin-sensitizing, and anti-androgenic properties, which may help regulate ovarian steroidogenesis, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce hyperandrogenism. Preclinical and preliminary clinical studies suggest these bioactives can restore ovarian morphology and normalize hormonal profiles in PCOS models. Despite challenges with bioavailability, innovative delivery systems like nano-delivery and liposomes could enhance their clinical use. The review calls for well-designed clinical trials to confirm efficacy and establish dosing guidelines.

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