Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Etiology, Current Management, and Future Therapeutics

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) was a complex disorder influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with gut dysbiosis playing a significant role in its pathophysiology. Key features included hyperandrogenism and hyperinsulinemia, contributing to symptoms like anovulation and infertility. Management strategies focused on lifestyle changes, such as low-glycemic-index diets and exercise, alongside pharmacological treatments like metformin and hormonal contraceptives. Emerging therapies included probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplants, and miRNA therapy, which aimed to improve metabolic and reproductive outcomes. The document emphasized the importance of personalized treatment approaches and further research to enhance PCOS management.