Stem Cells in the Skin

The document from October 18, 2016, provides a comprehensive overview of the role of stem cells in the skin's structure, function, and regeneration. It explains the different types of skin stem cells, including hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs), interfollicular epidermal stem cells (IFESCs), sebaceous gland stem cells, melanocyte stem cells (McSCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and their roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair. The document details the methods for identifying and isolating these cells, the importance of their niches, and the signaling pathways that control their differentiation, particularly focusing on the Wnt signaling pathway. It also discusses the impact of aging on stem cell function, the role of stem cells in skin cancer, and their potential in medical applications like tissue engineering and skin repair. Advances in skin tissue engineering are highlighted, including successful outcomes in healing chronic leg ulcers and the potential of 3D bioprinting, as well as the promise of MSCs and ADSCs in enhancing wound healing and reducing scarring. The document concludes with the importance of understanding stem cell functions for developing effective therapies for skin disorders and the anticipation of more clinical trials to assess long-term effects of skin stem cell therapies.