263 citations
,
February 2011 in “Journal of Controlled Release” This study found that medium-sized particles (643 and 646 nm) penetrated deeper into porcine hair follicles in vitro than smaller or larger particles, suggesting size-selective targeting within follicular sites.
74 citations
,
June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that hair follicles are a significant and efficient pathway for the absorption of topical minoxidil foam in humans, with faster blood detection when follicles are open.
51 citations
,
May 2010 in “Journal of Drug Targeting” This study found that Transcutol-containing vesicles improved the delivery of minoxidil to deeper skin layers in vitro but did not facilitate its permeation through the skin.
128 citations
,
July 2009 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study found that penetration enhancer-containing vesicles significantly improved minoxidil delivery to the skin compared to traditional liposomes and penetration enhancer-containing ethanolic solutions, with deformability linked to enhanced deposition.
55 citations
,
June 2009 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study found that ethanol-containing formulations significantly increased minoxidil retention in the stratum corneum and appendages initially, while a propylene glycol-rich formulation enhanced deeper skin penetration over time.
268 citations
,
April 2009 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” In this study, niosomal formulations enhanced minoxidil skin accumulation compared to commercial and control solutions, suggesting a potential improvement for topical delivery in hair loss treatment.
211 citations
,
February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This review summarizes recent advancements in follicular targeting for drug delivery via hair follicles and calls for pilot studies in humans to explore potential clinical applications.
48 citations
,
May 2008 in “Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms” This review discusses recent advancements in understanding hair follicles, their disorders, and potential therapeutic opportunities, but it reports no new clinical findings.
85 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of Drug Targeting” This study found that liposomal formulations improved minoxidil delivery to skin layers compared to niosomes and a control solution, suggesting enhanced potential for topical hair loss treatment.
397 citations
,
February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This article reviews the mechanisms by which minoxidil stimulates hair growth and reports no new clinical findings.
72 citations
,
January 2001 in “Drugs” This review discusses current and emerging drug therapies for treating androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata, and reports no clinical results; it highlights a need for improved and novel treatments.
33 citations
,
June 1995 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study found that minoxidil penetration through the skin increased with higher ethanol content and occlusion, with the highest penetration observed at 90% ethanol.