Relative Uptake of Minoxidil Into Appendages and Stratum Corneum and Permeation Through Human Skin In Vitro

    Jeffrey E. Grice, Susan Ciotti, Norman D. Weiner … Michael S. Roberts
    Studysummary This study found that ethanol-containing formulations significantly increased minoxidil retention in the stratum corneum and appendages initially, while a propylene glycol-rich formulation enhanced deeper skin penetration over time.
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    Research cited in this study 7

    1. Human Hair Follicles Contain Two Forms of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels, Only One Sensitive to Minoxidil The FASEB Journal · 2008
    2. Transfollicular Drug Delivery: Is It a Reality? International journal of pharmaceutics · 2005
    3. Differential Stripping: Determination of the Amount of Topically Applied Substances Penetrated into the Hair Follicles ˜The œjournal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology · 2005
    4. Minoxidil: Mechanisms of Action on Hair Growth British Journal of Dermatology · 2004
    5. Penetration and Distribution of Three Lipophilic Probes in Human Skin Focusing on the Hair Follicle Journal of controlled release · 2002
    6. Relative Influence of Ethanol and Propylene Glycol Cosolvents on Deposition of Minoxidil into the Skin Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 1994
    7. Bioavailability Assessment of Topical Delivery Systems: Effect of Vehicle Evaporation Upon In Vitro Delivery of Minoxidil from Solution Formulations International Journal of Pharmaceutics · 1989

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    2. The Novel Excipient, Dodecyl-2-N, N-Dimethylaminopropionate Hydrochloride (DDAIP-HCl) Improves the Flux of Minoxidil in Human Skin Hair therapy & transplantation · 2012