Measurement of Skin Permeation and Penetration of Nanoparticles for Their Safety Evaluation

The study aimed to evaluate the skin permeation and penetration of nanomaterials, using Fluoresbrite® as a model fluorescent nanoparticle. It was found that Fluoresbrite® only permeated through needle-punctured skin, not intact skin, while soluble high molecular compounds like FITC-dextrans could permeate the skin. The study also observed the distribution of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles from commercial cosmetics, noting that these nanoparticles were distributed into grooves and hair follicles but did not migrate to the viable epidermis and dermis. The results suggested that nanoparticles did not permeate intact skin but could permeate skin with created pores, with little to no permeation through the stratum corneum.