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Glossary Skin Penetration

process by which substances pass through the outer skin layer

Skin penetration refers to the process by which substances pass through the outermost layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum, to reach deeper layers. This is a critical concept in dermatology and pharmacology, as it influences the effectiveness of topical medications and skincare products. Factors such as molecular size, solubility, and the condition of the skin can affect how well a substance penetrates.

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Research

5 / 1000+ results

research Penetration of drugs through skin, a complex rate-controlling membrane

211 citations , June 2012

This review discusses recent advances in skin penetration mechanisms, specifically focusing on the enhanced understanding of the follicular pathway and its implications for transdermal therapies, immune system targeting, and nanoparticle safety.

research Measurement of Skin Permeation/Penetration of Nanoparticles for Their Safety Evaluation

67 citations , January 2012 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin”

This study found that nanoparticles did not permeate intact rat skin but could penetrate skin that had been artificially punctured, primarily through grooves or hair follicles.

research Cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers: effect of particle size on skin penetration and follicular targeting

40 citations , March 2019 in “Pharmaceutical development and technology”

The study found that cyproterone acetate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, particularly those with a 300 nm diameter, improved skin penetration and targeted hair follicles more effectively than free cyproterone acetate.

research Nobiletin-loaded composite penetration enhancer vesicles restore the normal miRNA expression and the chief defence antioxidant levels in skin cancer

34 citations , October 2021 in “Scientific Reports”

This study found that nobiletin-loaded vesicles effectively restored skin condition in a mouse model of skin cancer, suggesting they are a promising treatment delivery system.

research Skin Penetration and Permeation Properties of Transcutol® in Complex Formulations

29 citations , September 2024 in “AAPS PharmSciTech”

This review explores the use of skin penetration enhancers like Transcutol® in various formulation systems, discussing their mechanisms and effectiveness in improving transdermal drug delivery without breaching the skin.

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Community Join

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community What’s a good carrier for GHK-Cu or AHK-Cu peptides to penetrate skin?

9 upvotes 5 months ago

Copper peptides for hair loss, discussing carriers for skin penetration and recommending a product from Amazon.

community Has Anyone Heard About Ethossomal Finasteride? 6x Finasteride Delivery in Hair Folicule?

36 upvotes 3 years ago

A user is considering switching from oral to topical finasteride to reduce systemic DHT impact and is exploring ethossomal finasteride for better skin penetration and potential hair regrowth. They found ethossomal finasteride in Brazil and are seeking opinions on its effectiveness compared to other topical delivery methods.

community Topical dutasteride significantly outperforms oral finasteride

in Research/Science 65 upvotes 1 year ago

Topical dutasteride 0.05% is reported to outperform oral finasteride with minimal side effects, but concerns about study bias exist due to company funding. Some users report mixed results with topical dutasteride, noting issues with skin penetration and systemic absorption.

community Topical Finasteride that doesn’t go systematic is the cure

3 upvotes 1 year ago

Topical finasteride that doesn't penetrate the skin could potentially treat hair loss without side effects. Current challenges include finding a formulation that remains on the scalp without increasing blood levels.

community Is the “crunching” sound during microneedling my scalp actually the needles cutting through hair?

161 upvotes 6 months ago

The "crunching" sound during microneedling is likely the needles penetrating the scalp's outer layers, not cutting hair. Users suggest using a derma stamp instead of a roller to avoid potential hair damage.

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Learn

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learn Finasteride

Does the vehicle change how much topical finasteride is absorbed? Formulation sources describe propylene glycol and microemulsion vehicles as increasing how much topical finasteride crosses the skin, but better penetration has not been shown to mean better hair results, and it also raises systemic exposure. The vehicle and strength are decisions for a prescriber or compounding pharmacist.

learn Microneedling

Technique that makes tiny punctures in the scalp with fine needles

learn Melatonin

Can melatonin cause side effects on the skin or hair? No study links melatonin to hair loss; reports are anecdotal. Some users report scalp dryness or irritation from topical products, and a safety review lists mainly mild side effects such as sleepiness and headache.

learn Follistatin

Can follistatin be applied to the skin, and does any form of it treat hair loss? No study shows that follistatin applied to the skin works, and no form of follistatin is an approved or proven hair-loss treatment. Follistatin injections, "research peptides" and gene therapies sold outside regulated trials are unapproved and of unknown safety.

learn Scalp Micropigmentation

Does scalp micropigmentation work on all skin tones and hair colors? Providers say SMP pigment can be matched to many skin tones and hair colors; claims that it works on all of them are marketing.
Is scalp micropigmentation suitable for people with sensitive skin? Providers say scalp micropigmentation suits most skin types and describe patch tests, hypoallergenic pigments and a skin consultation for sensitive skin. These are provider claims rather than independent safety evidence, and pigment reactions remain a risk.

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Clinics

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Experts

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SMP Specialist
Noelle Skin
Nice, France

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Noelle Skin