Optimizing Scalp Cooling: Structural Follicular Characteristics and Restorative Advances

The study investigates the effectiveness of scalp cooling in preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia among 81 patients, primarily women with breast carcinoma. Scalp cooling prevented visible hair loss in 53% of patients, with hair preservation linked to factors such as hair shaft surface integrity and general health conditions. Damage to the hair shaft surface, particularly post-treatment, significantly affects hair retention. Factors like comorbidities and alopecia-inducing medications were associated with increased hair loss, while higher neutrophil counts correlated with better hair preservation. The study suggests that improving hair shaft structure and managing health conditions could enhance the efficacy of scalp cooling. Additionally, strategies such as real-time shaft monitoring, restorative interventions, antioxidant therapies, and cell cycle arrest agents like palbociclib are proposed to improve outcomes, though further clinical validation is necessary.