Estrogen Functions in Skin and Skin Appendages

This study found that estrogen receptor beta plays a significant role in murine hair growth control, potentially acting as a silencer of estrogen receptor alpha's catagen-promoting effects.

Male and female mice have different skin thickness, and hormones affect their skin and hair growth differently.

This study observed that in vitro treatment of male frontotemporal scalp hair follicles with 17-β-estradiol stimulated hair shaft generation and hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation, suggesting potential anagen-prolonging effects.

This study found that estrogen receptor beta, not alpha, is the main mediator of estrogen action in human skin and hair follicles, suggesting a distinct role in these tissues.

This study found that 17β-estradiol inhibited RANTES production in human keratinocytes by suppressing nuclear factor κB activity, suggesting a potential mechanism for 17β-estradiol's modulation of psoriasis-related inflammation.

Estrogen receptor α controls hair growth cycles and skin thickness in male mice.

This review discusses the classification and diagnosis of pregnancy-related skin conditions and reports no new clinical findings.

In this study, cross-sex hormone therapy affected hair growth patterns differently, with estrogen reducing hair growth in male-to-female transsexuals and testosterone increasing it in female-to-male transsexuals; however, male typical hair diameters were not fully reached in the latter group after 12 months.

This review discusses the effects of estrogen on skin and reports no new clinical results; it highlights estrogen's potential benefits on skin thickness, collagen quality, and hair follicle life cycle.

This study found that in vitro treatments with 5alpha-reductase inhibitors and androgen receptor antagonists strongly stimulate VEGF expression in dermal papilla cells.

This study found that the effectiveness of 17-beta-estradiol in inhibiting hair growth depends on its application method, and noted significant sex differences in response to 17-alpha-estradiol in male and female mice.

This study found that 17β-oestradiol reduces lipogenesis but not cell division in human sebaceous glands over 7 days, while testosterone and dihydrotestosterone showed no effect on these processes.

This study found that 17-beta-estradiol inhibits hair growth in mice by blocking hair follicles in the telogen phase, whereas an estrogen receptor antagonist promotes hair growth by initiating anagen.

This study found that applying dexamethasone to mice induced catagen-like follicle changes significantly earlier and more consistently than a vehicle, such changes being useful for studying hair follicle regression.

This study found that implanting isolated adult rat dermal papillae into ear cuts led to the emergence of unusually large vibrissa-type hair follicles, demonstrating their capacity to induce specific hair fiber characteristics.