Th1 Chemokine CXCL10 and Alopecia Areata: A Possible Target for Treatment

    January 2016 in “ Journal of Clinical & Cellular Immunology ”
    Taisuke Ito, Toshiharu Fujiyama, Y. Tokura
    TLDR Targeting CXCL10 may help treat alopecia areata.
    The study explored the role of the Th1-associated chemokine CXCL10 in alopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune disease characterized by hair loss. It was found that in acute-phase AA, hair follicles expressed high levels of CXCL10, attracting CXCR3+CD4+ and CXCR3+CD8+ T cells, which contributed to the "swarm of bees" appearance around hair bulbs. In chronic-phase AA, CXCR3+CD8+ T cells dominated, potentially prolonging hair loss. The study suggested that targeting the chemotactic activity of CXCL10 could be a novel treatment approach for AA. Antihistaminic drugs like olopatadine showed potential in reducing this chemotactic activity by affecting CXCR3 expression and related cellular processes.
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