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Alopecia areata, a type of hair loss, is likely an autoimmune disease with a genetic link, but its exact cause is still unknown.

Mutations in the hairless gene in mice affect its expression and lead to a range of developmental issues in multiple tissues.

Vitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone-related peptide may have important uses in skin treatments.

Prolactin affects the production of different keratins in human hair, which could lead to new treatments for skin and hair disorders.

Cannabinoids may help treat various skin conditions.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

Fever and rash can be early signs of lupus.

Male pattern baldness involves genetics, hormones, and needs better treatments.

Oestrogen and thyrotropin-releasing hormone affect prolactin and its receptor in human skin and hair, suggesting new treatment options for related conditions.

Some Middle Eastern plants may help treat diabetes and could be alternatives to current drugs, but more research is needed.

Eating less can slow aging and help keep stem cells healthy by cleaning out damaged cell parts.

Understanding and manipulating epigenetic changes can potentially lead to human organ regeneration therapies, but more research is needed to improve these methods and minimize risks.

Ethylene and auxin hormones interact in complex ways that are essential for plant growth and development.

Old drugs like finasteride and spironolactone are being successfully used for hair loss and skin conditions, and many other drugs show promise for new uses in dermatology.

Neurohormones help control skin health and could treat skin disorders.

Some cosmetics and dermatological drugs can cause allergic reactions and side effects, like skin irritation and systemic issues.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

The guidelines suggest lifestyle changes, diet adjustments, and personalized medication to manage dyslipidemia and reduce heart disease risk.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Human hair follicle organ culture is a useful model for hair research with potential for studying hair biology and testing treatments.

The skin's internal clock affects healing, cancer risk, aging, immunity, and hair growth, and disruptions can harm skin health.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

We need more research to better understand human hair follicle stem cells for improved treatments for hair loss and skin cancer.

Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.