This study developed consensus guidelines for the use of low-dose oral and topical minoxidil in male and female pattern hair loss, recommending specific doses, monitoring procedures, and timing of application around hair transplant surgeries.
February 2026 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” In this randomized trial, bicalutamide was found to improve hair count and shaft diameter more than spironolactone in women with Female Pattern Hair Loss over 24 weeks, although no significant differences were observed in clinical endpoints between the two treatments.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Immune system changes may contribute to female pattern hair loss.
September 2024 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology” Mesotherapy with bicalutamide has limited effectiveness for female hair loss.
January 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study suggests that male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss follow distinct progression pathways, characterized by different trichoscopic patterns related to hair diameter and follicular unit changes.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that male pattern baldness was associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, particularly at the scalp.
July 2007 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” This study introduced the BASP classification, a new system for categorizing pattern hair loss in both men and women, and applied it to analyze 2213 Korean subjects.
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” This study found that oral dutasteride significantly increased hair density but not thickness in women with female-pattern hair loss, and identified a mechanism involving β-catenin activation.
125 citations
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May 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study describes the development of the BASP classification system, providing a universal and systematic approach for classifying pattern hair loss in both men and women.
32 citations
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December 2004 in “BMC Public Health” This study found that trained observers using the Hamilton-Norwood classification were very reliable in assessing balding patterns, while men's self-assessments were moderately accurate compared to observers.
9 citations
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November 2004 in “SKINmed Dermatology for the Clinician” This case report describes a 54-year-old man diagnosed with fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution, presenting with follicular inflammatory lesions and scleroatrophy on the scalp.
6 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” This study found that the distribution of mast cell prostaglandin d-synthase in the scalp spatially aligns with the pattern of androgenetic alopecia, suggesting a programmed vulnerability to hair loss.
4 citations
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December 1992 in “The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery” The modified S pattern for scalp reduction is effective for removing more bald scalp and hiding scars in hair restoration.
June 2024 in “Archives of dermatological research” In this self-controlled comparative study of 16 women with Female Pattern Hair Loss, MMP® with Minoxidil showed a better response in the parietal-vertex regions in less advanced cases compared to standard Minoxidil treatment, though overall effectiveness was similar.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that testosterone impacts hair follicles from different scalp regions differently in male pattern androgenetic alopecia, challenging the belief that occipital scalp follicles are androgen-insensitive.
7 citations
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January 2016 in “British Journal of Cancer” This study found that certain male pattern baldness subtypes at age 45 are associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal neoplasia.
7 citations
,
March 2005 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study discusses patterns of androgenetic alopecia in Indian men but reports no new clinical findings.
1 citations
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May 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This correspondence highlights existing research on pattern hair loss, discussing findings about immune deposits, lymphocytic infiltration, and responses to treatment, and calls for future well-controlled studies.
5 citations
,
January 2004 in “Annals of Dermatology” This study found that Korean men with androgenetic alopecia have lower hair density and a higher proportion of single-hair units compared to normal adult males.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “Hair transplant forum international” This study reports that a new multi-slit knife for hair transplant procedures reduces surgical time and increases precision by enabling quick creation of equidistant "brick-pattern" sagittal slits.
38 citations
,
February 2009 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This study found that patients with severe vertex pattern androgenetic alopecia had significantly higher carotid intima-media thickness, suggesting an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis compared to other alopecia patterns and healthy controls.
34 citations
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February 2013 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This meta-analysis found that vertex pattern androgenetic alopecia was associated with an increased risk of developing prostate cancer, while other androgenetic alopecia patterns did not show a significant link.
13 citations
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November 2015 in “Blood Pressure” This study found that early-onset androgenetic alopecia, especially with a vertex pattern, may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome in men.
6 citations
,
May 2016 in “Urolithiasis” This study found that the risk of urinary stone disease increased significantly in patients with severe androgenetic alopecia, and that testosterone deficiency was more frequent among these patients.
3 citations
,
March 2018 in “BMC Cancer” This study found that androgenic alopecia was associated with a decreased risk of testicular germ cell tumors but a potential increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer.
2 citations
,
January 2008 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology” This study found that among men with male pattern hair loss, taking 1mg of finasteride daily for two years slowed hair loss progression and increased hair growth.
1 citations
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October 2015 in “Renal Failure” This study observed a significant correlation between vertex pattern and total alopecia and the presence of urinary stones in patients under 60 years old.
1 citations
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August 2013 in “Journal of the National Cancer Institute” The abstract reports no new results but discusses Berry's belief that most changes in breast cancer incidence are due to screening, measurement adjustments, or hormone use.
November 2025 in “Cancers” This study conducted a meta-analysis and found that men with both frontal and vertex male pattern baldness have a slightly increased risk of developing prostate cancer, though most data was from Caucasian populations and effect modification by genetic variations was not assessed.
January 2014 in “Revista del Centro Dermatológico Pascua” This study found no difference in lipid levels between men with and without androgenetic alopecia, suggesting the increased heart disease risk associated with this condition does not solely depend on cholesterol and triglyceride levels.