This review examines cepharanthine's antiviral potential against COVID-19 and finds no clinical results yet; it highlights cepharanthine as a potent inhibitor of coronavirus in preclinical models.
July 2023 in “Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal/Maǧallaẗ Asyūṭ al-ṭibiyyaẗ al-baytariyyaẗ” The research investigated the effects of antiandrogens on neurodevelopmental milestones in rats exposed to valproic acid during pregnancy, finding that while valproic acid delayed sensorimotor reflexes, it didn't impact physical development milestones, and antiandrogens partially mitigated these delays.
January 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This paper discusses ethosomal drug delivery systems, highlighting their improved ability to enhance skin penetration and increase therapeutic effectiveness in treatments like acyclovir for herpes labialis and minoxidil for androgenic alopecia compared to standard formulations.
February 2023 in “Indian journal of private psychiatry/Indian Journal of Private Psychiatry” This case report highlights a rare instance of fingernail and toenail hyperpigmentation following the use of valproic acid, which resolved after discontinuation of the drug.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Morphology” In this study conducted on mouse fetuses, valproic acid was found to reduce Sonic Hedgehog expression in the skin and hair follicles, but the inclusion of vitamin E helped mitigate this effect, supporting its potential role in managing valproic acid-induced changes.
May 2021 in “American journal of medical sciences and medicine” This study observed that vomiting was the most frequent side effect of sodium valproate in children under two years old, with anemia, hair loss, and appetite loss being less common.
18 citations
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March 1990 in “Archives of Dermatology” This case report describes the successful treatment of severe bullous erythema multiforme in a patient using cyclosporine, where prior high-dose corticosteroids had only partially worked.
In this case study, a 20-year-old man with dermatitis initially misdiagnosed as caused by Herpes simplex was found to have a fungal infection, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and successfully treated with oral terbinafine and ketoconazole products.
December 2021 in “Black sea journal of health science” This case report describes a 31-year-old male who developed eosinophilic pleuropericardial effusion potentially linked to long-term valproic acid use, which resolved after adjusting his medication.
36 citations
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January 1993 in “Gut” In this study, a high daily dose of interferon alfa-2b administered initially six times a week for two weeks followed by thrice weekly for 12 weeks was most effective in sustaining normal ALT values in patients.
July 2025 in “Pediatric Transplantation” In this case study, a rare viral infection called trichodysplasia spinulosa was diagnosed in a 10-year-old girl post-kidney transplant; she was treated successfully with reduced immunosuppression alongside leflunomide and valganciclovir, though the efficacy of valganciclovir remains uncertain.
February 2025 in “Infectious Diseases & Immunity” This case report highlights two instances of suspected human herpesvirus 6 reactivation in patients with existing psychiatric disorders, underscoring the need for further research into the relationship between viral reactivation and psychiatric conditions.
In this study, Convulsofin was effective as monotherapy for generalized primary epilepsy and as adjunctive treatment for therapy-resistant secondary and partial epilepsy, though side effects like gastrointestinal issues and weight gain were noted.
15 citations
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November 2002 in “Cardiology in Review” This review discusses various adverse skin reactions linked to cardiovascular medications and reports no new clinical results, highlighting the need for vigilance when prescribing these drugs.
January 2022 in “Drugs of Today”
4 citations
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October 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” In this study, hydroxychloroquine, nitazoxanide, and ivermectin demonstrated similar efficacy for overall clinical outcomes in COVID-19 when administered early with azithromycin, vitamins, and supplements, with nitazoxanide showing the strongest antiviral activity and safety profile among the three.
2 citations
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June 2009 in “PubMed”
14 citations
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January 2006 in “Skinmed” A woman developed white patches on her skin and curly hair after hepatitis C treatment, likely due to the medication interferon alpha.
March 2019 in “Reactions Weekly” 2 citations
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December 2019 in “Chinese medical journal/Chinese Medical Journal” This case report describes a rare instance of tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans in a Chinese patient, followed by the development of herpes zoster, suggesting a potential link to immunosuppression.
21 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of child neurology” This study found that while serum zinc levels were lower in children treated with valproic acid or carbamazepine than in healthy controls, zinc, biotin, and biotinidase enzyme activity remained within normal ranges and unaffected by these treatments.
3 citations
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August 2023 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Sodium valproate can rarely cause skin darkening, which may improve after stopping the drug.
In this case study, a nine-year-old boy with alopecia universalis following severe chickenpox showed complete hair regrowth after treatment with tofacitinib, suggesting the drug's potential in managing varicella-zoster virus-induced alopecia by modulating immune responses.
64 citations
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January 2009 in “Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology” This review discusses various presentations of drug-induced cutaneous eruptions, particularly those associated with interferon and ribavirin, and reports no new clinical findings.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” This study found that preconditioning human hair follicle-derived stem cells with valproic acid enhanced their survival and migration in ischemic-like conditions by activating autophagy and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting this approach could improve stem cell therapies for ischemic stroke.
100 citations
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November 2021 in “Cell Research” This study found that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks the host factor IGF2BP1 to stabilize its RNA and enhance translation, and identified Cepharanthine and Trifluoperazine as potential treatments against the virus.
March 2002 in “Reactions Weekly” Some birth control pills increase blood clot risk; use them for specific conditions only.
January 2023 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” This study found that topical valproic acid and 5% minoxidil both significantly increased hair count in patients with female pattern hair loss, suggesting topical valproic acid as a potential treatment option.
21 citations
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July 2014 in “Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy” This study found that finasteride alone is highly effective in preventing Candida albicans urinary biofilms and shows synergistic activity with fluconazole in vitro, suggesting potential for further clinical investigation.
2 citations
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June 1986 in “Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics” This study demonstrated that certain metal salts can bind to sodium valproate and discussed the potential link to hair loss in patients treated for epilepsy.