Different types of sun exposure damage skin cells and immune cells, with chronic exposure leading to more severe and lasting damage.
June 2021 in “International journal of cosmetics and dermatology” Vitamin C and E may help with certain skin and hair conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.
July 2023 in “Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine” Infrared radiation can cause skin aging and cancer at high temperatures but may have therapeutic benefits at controlled levels.
8 citations,
August 2019 in “Dermatologic surgery” Nonsteroid treatments for alopecia areata show promise but need more high-quality research.
10 citations,
August 1991 in “PubMed” Inflammation, possibly triggered by a specific bacteria and activated by UV radiation, may contribute to male pattern baldness.
3 citations,
November 2023 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” Melanocytes are important for skin and hair color and protect the skin from UV damage.
222 citations,
January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
126 citations,
January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology” Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.
86 citations,
June 2017 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Antioxidants can benefit skin health but should be used carefully to avoid negative effects.
77 citations,
December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human skin cells produce proenkephalin, which changes with environmental factors and skin diseases.
62 citations,
January 2003 in “Dermatology” Sunlight worsens hair loss; protect scalp.
15 citations,
December 2016 in “Obstetrics & Gynecology” Most skin changes during pregnancy are harmless and moles don't significantly change, but many women experience pigmentation changes due to hormones and sun exposure.
8 citations,
January 2020 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Caffeine improves hair growth, thickness, and reduces shedding.
7 citations,
May 2020 in “Trends in molecular medicine” The document concludes that the immune-inhibitory environment of the hair follicle may prevent melanoma development.
5 citations,
January 2018 in “Annals of Dermatology” A 308 nm excimer laser successfully treated a boy with a rare skin condition after about a year of weekly sessions.
3 citations,
January 2000 Some alternative therapies for vitiligo show promise but need more research.
2 citations,
October 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The authors suggest that scalp hair might protect against COVID-19 and call for more research on scalp health and the virus.
2 citations,
November 2014 Common cosmetic dermatology techniques improve skin damaged by the sun and aging.
1 citations,
May 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The authors agree more research with proper control groups is needed to understand hair loss.
1 citations,
January 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” Melanocytes produce melanin; their defects cause vitiligo and hair graying, with treatments available for vitiligo.
1 citations,
May 2010 in “Nursing Standard” Treatments for autoimmune hair loss have limited success and patients need emotional support and self-acceptance.
January 2014 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Women's hair gets thinner and grayer as they age, with treatments available for hair loss and graying.
1 citations,
January 2012 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that the skin is a complex organ providing protection, sensation, and healing, with challenges in treating conditions like itchiness.
95 citations,
February 2018 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Nutraceuticals may improve skin health and protect against aging, but more research is needed on their optimal use and possible health risks.
275 citations,
March 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Chemotherapy can cause various skin reactions, with hair loss being the most common, and proper diagnosis and treatment of these reactions are important.
128 citations,
September 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.
22 citations,
September 2019 in “ACS omega” The new nanocomposite films are stronger, protect against UV, speed up wound healing, and are antibacterial without being toxic.
1 citations,
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that various dermatological treatments and drugs can cause skin reactions and side effects.
3 citations,
January 2022 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Using sunscreen and moisturizers may increase the chance of developing Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), but the exact reason why is still unclear.
January 2023 in “Journal of Ravishankar University” Hair loss can be caused by stress, aging, and harmful substances that create an imbalance in the body's natural processes.