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Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Male pattern hair loss could hint at androgens affecting COVID-19 severity.

Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Men's sensitivity to male hormones might affect how severe COVID-19 gets for them.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Tiny particles from stem cells help activate hair growth cells and encourage hair growth in mice without being toxic.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.

Thymosin β4 promotes hair growth by activating stem cells in hair follicles.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.

The circadian clock is crucial for tissue renewal and regeneration, affecting stem cell functions and having implications for health and disease.