18 citations,
March 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses” The document suggests that blocking sweat glands with antiperspirants might allow skin-generated hormones to be absorbed, possibly increasing breast and prostate cancer risk.
13 citations,
August 2013 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Researchers created a skin patch that delivers two drugs for treating enlarged prostate, which may improve patient use and dosage control.
5 citations,
March 2016 in “Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy” New drug delivery systems improve treatment effectiveness and patient experience.
151 citations,
November 2018 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.
151 citations,
July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.
149 citations,
September 2017 in “Pharmaceutics” Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.
110 citations,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
33 citations,
November 2019 in “Journal of Controlled Release” Microneedles with enhancer effectively promote hair growth and increase hair density.
30 citations,
June 2016 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Optimized film improves finasteride skin absorption and treatment efficiency.
15 citations,
March 2013 in “Pharmaceutical nanotechnology” Finasteride delivery through skin improved using invasomes and iontophoresis.
13 citations,
October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Nanocarriers could improve how drugs are delivered through the skin but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.
11 citations,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
2 citations,
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Lipid nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin, offering stability, controlled release, and better compatibility with skin.
1 citations,
June 2008 in “The Journal of Urology” Dihydrotestosterone gel before hypospadias surgery led to less scarring but raised concerns about potential psychological effects and skin changes.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
December 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Short-acting testosterone injections in a clinic are a preferred treatment for low testosterone because they work well, are convenient, and patients stick with the treatment.
124 citations,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
71 citations,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
12 citations,
September 2018 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” The silk fibroin hydrogel with FGF-2-liposome can potentially treat hair loss in mice.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
June 2022 in “International journal of drug delivery technology” Convolvulus arvensis ethanolic extract can potentially promote hair growth and reduce hair loss.
July 2024 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” Dissolvable microneedles with Ginsenoside Rg3 can help treat hair loss by improving drug delivery and stimulating hair growth.
28 citations,
March 2014 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” New lipid nanoparticles show promise for delivering hair loss treatments but need improvement for better skin penetration.
2 citations,
July 2022 in “BioMed Research International” Finasteride-loaded nanogels are effective, safe, and improve drug absorption through the skin.
1 citations,
January 2022 in “Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology” The optimized microemulsion with cinnamon oil effectively delivers finasteride through the skin without damaging hair.
September 2024 in “Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces” Cedrol nanoemulsions effectively treat hair loss by promoting hair growth and reducing DHT levels safely.
November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
January 2017 in “Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” A 3:1 surfactant mixture in microemulsions can effectively deliver finasteride through the skin.
46 citations,
May 2012 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Human skin produces sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone, influenced by ARO and StAR, which may affect skin elasticity and hair growth.
2 citations,
April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.