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    Glossary Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

    analytical technique identifying surface composition by measuring ejected ions' flight time

    Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is an analytical technique used to identify the composition of surfaces at a microscopic level. It works by bombarding a sample with a focused beam of ions, causing secondary ions to be ejected from the surface. These ejected ions are then measured based on their time of flight, which allows for the determination of their mass and, consequently, the identification of the elements and molecules present on the surface. This method is highly sensitive and can provide detailed chemical information about the outermost layers of a material.

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    1. Mapping penetration of cosmetic compounds into hair fibers using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2005 · 3 citations
    2. Investigation of the damage on the outermost hair surface using ToF‐SIMS and XPS Surface and interface analysis · 2011 · 25 citations
    3. ToF‐SIMS characterization of the lipid layer on the hair surface. I: the damage caused by chemical treatments and UV radiation Surface and interface analysis · 2010 · 23 citations
    4. Analysis of keratin films as screening tools for predicting the efficacy of potential hair dyes Coloration Technology · 2019 · 7 citations
    5. Biomimetics through bioconjugation of 16-methylheptadecanoic acid to damaged hair for hair barrier recovery Scientific Reports · 2024 · 4 citations
    6. Investigation of human hair using ToF-SIMS: From structural analysis to the identification of cosmetic residues Journal of vacuum science and technology. B, Nanotechnology & microelectronics · 2018 · 4 citations
    7. Penetration of cationic conditioning compounds into hair fibers: A TOF‐SIMS approach International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2006 · 2 citations
    8. J. Cosmet. Sci., 158, 637–650 (November/December 2007) Use of quaternized cassia galactomannan for hair conditioning International Journal of Cosmetic Science · 2008 · 1 citations
    9. Biomimetics Through Bioconjugation of 16- Methylheptadecanoic Acid to Damaged Hair for Hair Barrier Recovery Research Square (Research Square) · 2024
    10. Novel insights into ascorbic acid skin permeation 2020
    11. Development of MALDI-TOF-MS and MALDI-MSI methods for hair analysis and evaluation of cosmetic treatments Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · 2024
    12. Structural analysis of the outermost hair surface using TOF-SIMS with gas cluster ion beam sputtering Biointerphases · 2016 · 11 citations
    13. Topological Markers for Subcellular Chemical Mapping using TOF-SIMS Florida International University Digital Commons (Florida International University) · 2019
    14. Use of quaternized cassia galactomannan for hair conditioning. 2008 · 6 citations
    15. Dyeing regions of oxidative hair dyes in human hair investigated by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2013 · 25 citations
    16. Secondary ion mass spectrometric investigation of penetration of coconut and mineral oils into human hair fibers: relevance to hair damage. PubMed · 2001 · 11 citations
    17. Multimodal Ion Beam Imaging to Correlate Elements and Metabolites at the Micron Scale Using Water Cluster Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and MeV Ion Beam Analysis Analytical Chemistry · 2025 · 2 citations
    18. Study on the Efficacy and Potential Mechanism of Topical Shen Bai Hair Growing Decoction against Androgenetic Alopecia Based on Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and RNA-seq ACS Omega · 2024
    19. A comparative proteomic-based study identifies essential factors involved in hair follicle growth in inner Mongolia cashmere goats BMC Veterinary Research · 2025
    20. Investigation by Imaging Mass Spectrometry of Biomarker Candidates for Aging in the Hair Cortex PloS one · 2011 · 21 citations
    21. Analysis of metabolic characteristics of epristeride in zebrafish based on LC-Q-TOF MS and its potential applications in doping control RSC Advances · 2026
    22. Green and Emerging Microextraction Strategies for Bioanalytical Determination of Hormones: Trends, Challenges, and Applications Molecules · 2025
    23. Comparative Analysis of Differential Metabolites in <i>Panax quinquefolius</i> From China and the United States Using UPLC‐Orbitrap‐MS and LC‐MS/MS Food Safety and Health · 2025
    24. Transglutaminase-3 Enzyme: A Putative Actor in Human Hair Shaft Scaffolding? 2008 · 30 citations
    25. Chemical profiling and quantitation of bioactive compounds in Platycladi Cacumen by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UPLC-DAD Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · 2018 · 47 citations
    26. Long-Term Differential Changes in Mouse Intestinal Metabolomics after γ and Heavy Ion Radiation Exposure PLOS ONE · 2014 · 50 citations
    27. Real-time iTRAQ-based proteome profiling revealed the central metabolism involved in nitrogen starvation induced lipid accumulation in microalgae Scientific Reports · 2017 · 73 citations
    28. Analysis of cosmetic residues on a single human hair by ATR FT-IR microspectroscopy Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy · 2018 · 32 citations
    29. Pharmacology of anabolic steroids British Journal of Pharmacology · 2008 · 441 citations
    30. Exploring the effects of wetting and free fatty acid deposition on an atomistic hair fiber surface model incorporating Keratin Associated Protein 5-1 2022