April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study demonstrates that DHT-induced lipid synthesis in sebocytes involves the mTOR pathway, suggesting mTOR inhibitors may help modulate androgen-dependent sebum overproduction.
53 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed that low-dose oral minoxidil and topical minoxidil 5% solution both improved hair density in women with female-pattern hair loss, but oral minoxidil may offer advantages in reducing hair shedding.
January 1987 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” This review discusses hormonal therapies for acne related to endocrine disorders and provides practical guidelines for managing hormonally influenced acne in clinical practice, but reports no new clinical results.
7 citations
,
January 1989 Minoxidil and 4-MA can help treat hair loss.
1 citations
,
January 1976 in “Clinical Science” This study concluded that minoxidil combined with a diuretic may effectively reduce blood pressure in moderately hypertensive male patients with minimal side effects.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This research review observed that topical hormone replacement therapy, particularly estradiol and estradiol-testosterone combinations, significantly increased Type I and III collagen synthesis in the skin of postmenopausal women, suggesting benefits against collagen loss-related skin aging effects such as reduced elasticity and increased dryness.
60 citations
,
September 1979 in “Fertility and sterility” This study found that spironolactone reduced testosterone production and urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion, leading to a decrease in hair growth rate and a change in hair texture in women.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Homoeopathic Sciences” In this case study, a 26-year-old woman with hypothyroidism experienced significant improvements in energy, emotional balance, and physical discomfort after individualized homeopathic treatment with Kalium carbonium, demonstrating the potential benefits of a holistic approach to care.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” This study found that inhibiting mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in female human hair follicles may promote hair growth by extending the anagen phase and encouraging keratinocyte proliferation.
August 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study explored the effects of various nutraceutical ingredients on breast cancer cell lines but found no conclusive information regarding their interaction with tamoxifen therapy.
7 citations
,
March 2011 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” This review discusses the efficacy and safety of exemestane as a treatment for estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer and reports no new clinical results.
6 citations
,
August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” This review summarizes the structural and chemical characteristics of current and novel antiandrogenic drugs but reports no new clinical findings.
44 citations
,
June 1985 in “Fertility and sterility” This study suggests that combination drug therapy with spironolactone and either oral contraceptives or dexamethasone effectively manages unresponsive hirsutism, with eight of nine patients achieving satisfactory clinical responses.
39 citations
,
November 1978 in “Annals of internal medicine” This brief report discusses spironolactone used as a treatment for hirsutism in a hyperandrogenic woman, offering no new clinical findings and focusing on its antiandrogenic properties.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This study observed that gender-affirming hormone therapy differentially affects metabolism in mice, with the specific metabolic impacts dependent on the type of hormonal treatment used.
September 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that the topical application of DA-OTC-002, a combination of synephrine and tyramine hydrochloride, significantly reduced immediate hair shedding in women by 62.5% compared to a placebo, without any observed adverse effects.
October 2024 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This study found that combining 17α-estradiol 0.01% with minoxidil 2% offered no statistically significant advantage over minoxidil alone for treating female pattern hair loss and may increase the risk of menstrual irregularities.
7 citations
,
August 1985 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This study found that subcutaneous injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate was more effective than intramuscular or topical treatments in reducing hair diameter for hirsute females.
2 citations
,
March 2003 in “Endocrine Practice” The woman's symptoms and tests suggest her adrenal glands are producing too many male hormones.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” This review discusses female hyperandrogenism, detailing diagnostic criteria and treatment options without reporting new study results; it emphasizes improving health and quality of life for affected women.
5 citations
,
March 2016 in “CRC Press eBooks” This article explores the mechanisms of female hirsutism and highlights the effectiveness of eflornithine in reducing hair growth, with further removal requiring physical methods.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” The researchers reported a case of a 51-year-old woman with primary hypothyroidism who developed anaphylaxis to intravenous levothyroxine after being unresponsive to oral formulations, highlighting potential allergic reactions to IV treatments in such patients.
The document explains how certain drugs block hormones to treat cancers like breast and prostate cancer.
18 citations
,
January 2002 in “Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin/Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin” This study found that several new pregnane derivatives, especially steroids 16 and 19, demonstrated higher antiandrogenic activity on male hamster models than the commonly used finasteride.
This narrative review concludes that long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to establish clear guidelines for testosterone therapy in women, given the lack of FDA-approved formulations and the variable quality of current treatments.
37 citations
,
March 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Oestrogen and thyrotropin-releasing hormone affect prolactin and its receptor in human skin and hair, suggesting new treatment options for related conditions.
53 citations
,
January 1985 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” This study found that an 8-month treatment with a low-dose oral contraceptive significantly reduced testosterone levels and hair growth in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and hirsutism, with minimal side effects.
11 citations
,
March 2009 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” This study reports that 4-(alkylthio)- and 4-(arylthio)-benzonitriles showed moderate sebum reduction as androgen receptor antagonists when applied topically in a validated animal model.
January 2015 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” In this case report, tamoxifen-induced hirsutism was observed in a young girl with McCune-Albright syndrome shortly after starting treatment.
2 citations
,
June 2004 in “Expert review of pharmacoeconomics & outcomes research” This review discusses the causes and treatment options for idiopathic hirsutism and reports that various therapies may reduce hirsutism severity and the Ferriman–Gallwey score by 35–40% after one year.