3 citations
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November 2020 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” Eyelash loss can be a sign of thyroid problems.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case report, researchers observed that the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab may worsen hypothyroidism in patients, as seen in a 60-year-old woman with metastatic duodenal carcinoma. The authors suggest that thyroid function should be monitored when using VEGF inhibitor therapies due to potential adverse effects.
December 2021 in “Signal transduction and targeted therapy” This study found that serum levels of NF-L and GFAP decreased but tau protein levels did not change in anorexia nervosa patients after short-term partial weight restoration.
This review explores the mechanisms and clinical applications of thymosin β4, highlighting its potential in various medical fields, but it presents no new research findings.
26 citations
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February 2021 in “FEBS Journal” This review discusses potential immune therapies targeting regulatory T cells for age-related diseases and emphasizes the need for further research to translate these therapies into clinical practice.
1 citations
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May 2006 in “Thyroid Research and Practice” In this study, 56% of patients with hypothyroidism had dry, coarse skin, while weight gain and lethargy were also common complaints.
34 citations
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December 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” In this study, thymosin beta4 over-expression in transgenic mice was linked to accelerated hair growth and abnormal tooth development, suggesting roles in hair and tooth physiology.
January 2000 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi” This case report describes a 58-year-old man with pretibial myxedema and hyperthyroidism, highlighting his cardiac symptoms, exophthalmos, weight loss, and specific dermatological findings over the last four years.
1 citations
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January 2010 in “Türkiye klinikleri tıp bilimleri dergisi” This case report describes a man with metastatic thymoma and diffuse pleural dissemination mimicking malignant mesothelioma, who also had alopecia areata without the presence of myasthenia gravis.
23 citations
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November 2024 in “Scientific Reports” In this study, researchers found that Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients, despite being in euthyroid status, experienced more severe extrathyroidal symptoms compared to healthy controls, and elevated thyroid antibodies were linked to lower health-related quality of life and increased inflammation.
This study reported that severe hypothyroidism in two pediatric patients was associated with transient liver and kidney dysfunction, which resolved after beginning levothyroxine treatment.
June 2024 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” In this study, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) induced IL-4/IL-13 from T cells, prompting sebum secretion and adipose loss, suggesting IL-4/IL-13 may affect skin barrier function in atopic dermatitis.
20 citations
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September 2015 in “Protein expression and purification” This study demonstrated that safflower seeds can be engineered to express oleosin-FGF10, which showed a dose-dependent effect on cellular proliferation, potentially facilitating scalable protein production.
March 2024 in “Intisari Sains Medis” This study highlights that juvenile SLE patients, particularly with lupus nephritis and critical conditions, may have a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction and low FT4, potentially worsening their prognosis.
8 citations
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March 1942 in “Journal of Endocrinology” This study found that growth in rats hindered by thyroid removal at birth can be normalized through the administration of thyroid preparations like thyroxine and artificial thyroprotein.
September 2011 in “American Journal of Transplantation” In this case report, a patient with alopecia universalis experienced hair regrowth after clinical islet transplantation, which may indicate the potential impact of immunosuppressive therapy on this autoimmune condition.
13 citations
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January 2014 in “Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine” This case study reports an instance of adult-onset primary hypothyroidism with goiter in a cat, suggesting potential causes such as dietary iodine imbalance, chronic exposure to thyrotoxic substances, or a congenital form with late manifestation.
5 citations
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April 2024 in “BMC Neurology” The researchers reported that non-motor symptoms like taste disorders and alopecia are associated with myasthenia gravis, particularly in severe cases and those linked to thymoma.
April 2006 in “Pediatrics in Review” This review covers the diagnosis and management of childhood Graves disease, emphasizing treatment options such as antithyroid medications, radioiodine therapy, and surgical thyroidectomy, and highlights the necessity for lifelong follow-up.
28 citations
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January 2016 in “Vitamins and hormones” This source reports that thymosin beta 4 accelerated dermal wound repair in phase 2 clinical trials for pressure ulcers, stasis ulcers, and epidermolysis bullosa wounds and was well tolerated.
April 2025 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” This study investigated cutaneous manifestations in thyroid disorder patients, finding that hypothyroid patients commonly experienced dry skin (67.83%) while warm skin (93.3%) and increased sweating prevailed in hyperthyroid patients, with urticaria being the most common autoimmune association among both groups.
This study found that specific and nonspecific skin changes can serve as important indicators for diagnosing thyroid diseases, even in patients who appear clinically normal.
3 citations
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November 2021 in “Protein and Peptide Letters” This review discusses the structural and functional aspects of β-thymosin in invertebrates and reports no new experimental findings.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report highlights that in severe illnesses like sepsis, myxedema coma can occur with less elevated TSH levels than typical for primary hypothyroidism, likely due to inflammatory cytokines affecting TSH secretion, even when central lesions are absent.
18 citations
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April 2016 in “Molecular Genetics and Genomics” This study suggests that thymosin beta 4 may regulate hair growth by influencing VEGF and MMP-2 levels through the Wnt/β-catenin/Lef-1 signaling pathway in mouse models.
15 citations
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June 2015 in “PLoS ONE” This study found that thymosin beta-4 overexpression in mice increased hair growth speed and density, likely by regulating P38/ERK/AKT signaling through VEGF expression.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “Endokrynologia Polska” This study observed that levothyroxine therapy in men with autoimmune hypothyroidism was less effective at reducing thyroid antibodies and hormone disruptions in those with early-onset androgenetic alopecia compared to those without hair loss.
19 citations
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January 2006 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” In this study, common skin manifestations in hypothyroidism patients included dry, coarse skin, pigmentary disorders, and telogen effluvium.
January 2025 in “Mansoura Medical Journal” This research observed that some hypothyroid patients on adequate levothyroxine therapy continue to experience symptoms like poor concentration and hair loss, with findings suggesting an elevated anti-TPO level increases the likelihood of such symptoms, despite normal TSH levels.
52 citations
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January 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that thrombospondin-1 plays a critical role in hair follicle cycle regulation, with deficiency prolonging follicle growth and overexpression delaying it through antiangiogenic effects.