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A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.

Dihydrotestosterone causes p27 protein breakdown in ovarian and breast cancer cells by binding with SKP2.

Nuclear hormone receptors play a significant role in skin wound healing and could lead to better treatment methods.

Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.

Age affects how certain proteins involved in COVID-19 infection are expressed in mice, but sex hormones and heart injury do not.

Certain inhibitors can potentially treat prostate cancer and other hormone-dependent conditions by controlling sex hormone levels in cells.

A postmenopausal woman's excessive hair growth and hair loss were due to a non-cancerous ovarian condition, treated successfully with surgery.

Mice lacking steroid 5α-reductase 2 show less aggression and better impulse control.

Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Puerariae Flos extract may help treat hair loss by blocking a hair loss-related enzyme and promoting hair growth.

Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.

Certain gene variants in estrogen receptors are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome, mainly affecting metabolism, in Tunisian women.

Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.

Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.

Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.

Dutasteride protects dopamine neurons in Parkinson's mice, but Finasteride doesn't.

Researchers found a gene in hamsters that responds to male hormones and may be indirectly controlled by them.

Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.

The balance between androgen receptor and p53 is crucial for sebaceous gland differentiation.

Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.

Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.

The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.

Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.

Most adrenal cortex tumors are benign and non-secreting, but proper diagnosis and treatment are important due to the rare possibility of cancer.

Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.

Resveratrol improved hormone levels, menstrual cycles, hair loss, and ovarian function in PCOS patients.

Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.

The document concludes that various drugs for men's health issues are in development, with treatments for sexual dysfunction and prostate conditions being the most advanced.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.