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The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.

Quercetin may help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.

About 8.5% of women in Salvador, Brazil, have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

People who carry the 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency gene are not more likely to have excessive male hormone levels.

Higher androstenedione levels in women with PCOS are linked to more severe symptoms.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

More adolescent girls in urban areas of India have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome compared to those in rural areas.

Mice lacking steroid 5α-reductase 2 show less aggression and better impulse control.

The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.

Low doses of BPA can increase prostate growth and change hormone levels in adult rats.

The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.

Anti-Müllerian hormone is a specific marker for ovarian issues in women with conditions like PCOS.

Resveratrol helps prevent finasteride-induced damage in male rats, improving reproductive function.

The document concludes that managing female hyperandrogenism requires a combination of identifying the cause, lifestyle changes, medication, and cosmetic treatments.

Prenatally androgenized ewes can model increased hair diameter in women with PCOS.

Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.

Women with PCOS have lower amylin levels, which are not related to their body weight.

Orlistat helped reduce weight and testosterone in obese women with PCOS but did not significantly affect other androgens or cholesterol levels.

Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.

Hormones significantly affect women's sexual function, and more research is needed to improve treatments for sexual dysfunction with minimal side effects.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.

Metformin helps improve menstrual irregularities and some hormone levels in PCOS patients, but not symptoms like excess hair, acne, or hair loss.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Cell transplantation faces challenges in genitourinary reconstruction, but alternative tissue sources and microencapsulation show promise.

The document suggests new ways to assess and diagnose hyperandrogenism to improve accuracy.

Androgen therapy might help some women with low libido, but it has risks and should be used carefully.

Treating early puberty with hormone therapy may increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in adults.

The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.

High levels of cortisol in hair show long-term stress which can lower fertility in animals.