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High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Some IBD patients on anti-TNFs developed severe skin issues, but ustekinumab helped.

The document concludes that dermatology training and grading scales need to better represent dark-skinned individuals to improve diagnosis and assessment of skin conditions.

Vitamin C and E may help with certain skin and hair conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

Scientists created keratinocyte cell lines from human hair that can differentiate similarly to normal skin cells, offering a new way to study skin biology and diseases.

Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and might help treat skin diseases, but more research is needed to understand their effects fully.

Skin aging reflects overall body aging and can indicate internal health conditions.

A young woman with lupus developed tuberculosis due to weakened immunity from her medication, showing the need for better TB screening in such patients.

Skin biopsies are recommended for confirming alopecia diagnosis due to variability in clinical assessments; the link between vitamin D levels and alopecia is unclear.

Skin problems can be signs of hormone-related disorders and recognizing them early is important for treatment.

Clinicians should understand tattoos to manage health issues, as tattoos can cause complications and affect medical assessments.

Lupus panniculitis of the scalp causes linear hair loss and needs ongoing treatment to prevent recurrence and lupus.

Two newborns with rare skin infections were successfully treated with antifungal cream.

m-Aminophenol in hair dye can cause skin cell toxicity and stress responses.

Azathioprine's effectiveness and safety require careful monitoring and more research, especially regarding its use with corticosteroids and the role of TPMT status in patients.

Thyroid hormones affect skin texture, hair and nail growth, and can cause skin diseases related to thyroid problems.

Skin diseases are common and can significantly affect people's lives; better outcome measures and ethical clinical trials are needed to improve dermatology care.

Some patients with mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome experience hair loss, which may be similar to alopecia areata or linked to skin lesions, possibly due to abnormal T cells, and bexarotene can help treat it.

In Singapore, most skin reactions to drugs were in females and Chinese, often caused by painkillers, antibiotics, and some other drugs, with serious cases linked to genetics.

Reflectance confocal microscopy can tell apart white dots on the scalp as either sweat gland ducts or hair follicle openings.

Skin lymphatic vessels are essential for hair growth.

Mesotherapy lacks strong evidence for effectiveness and safety, and its ingredients are not FDA-approved for subcutaneous use.

White and yellow dots indicate severe female hair loss in dark skin.

A man with rare Lichen Planopilaris lost body hair, not scalp hair, and treatment stopped itching but didn't regrow hair.

Some COVID-19 patients have different skin problems, which might be the only sign of the virus or related to other health issues.

The study suggests that people with rosacea are more likely to have chronic rhinosinusitis.

Chemotherapy often causes hair loss, nail changes, and mouth issues, but these are usually manageable.

The review emphasizes the need to recognize skin conditions that affect hair follicles and sweat glands to avoid misdiagnosis.

Newer skin resurfacing lasers reduce damage and scarring, with some approved for safe use and minimal side effects.

The document concludes that various treatments for skin conditions are effective, but some require further research, and certain factors like gender and lifestyle can influence disease outcomes.