HIV, Fungal, and Infectious Diseases

The document includes various studies on infectious diseases and their skin manifestations, treatments, and vaccines. One study in Bangladesh involving 561 villagers showed over 50% had skin manifestations due to arsenicosis, with males more affected than females. Diabetic foot ulcers require aggressive treatment, and multidisciplinary programs have been effective in reducing their incidence. Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection affects 500 to 1500 infants annually in the U.S., and early antiviral therapy is crucial. Pediatric vasculitis needs anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy. Localized scleroderma in children is challenging to manage, and new therapies require clinical trials. The varicella vaccine's effectiveness has been questioned after an outbreak at a day-care center. The transmissibility of vaccinia virus from vaccinated individuals is uncertain. A study found that NB-UVB phototherapy three times weekly is more effective for psoriasis than twice weekly. A case series and meta-analysis of 30 patients showed simultaneous rhytidectomy and full-face carbon dioxide laser resurfacing is safe. A multicenter study with 286 patients showed endovenous saphenous vein obliteration reduces varicosities. A study of 23 patients with cutaneous lymphomas and granulomatous reaction emphasized the importance of accurate diagnosis. Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease in 22 patients was identified as a distinct clinical entity. A study of 130 patients with hand dermatitis found Disperse Blue dyes and Disperse Orange 3 as common sensitizers. Monoclonal antibody therapies for psoriasis are effective, but dosage and combination therapy roles need research. Oral pimecrolimus is effective for psoriasis and other inflammatory skin diseases. A large study in China found an association between smoking/drinking and psoriasis in men, and drinking but not smoking in women. Alefacept and infliximab treatments for psoriasis showed clinical improvements. Imiquimod cream was effective for actinic keratoses, with an 84% clearance rate in one study. Two phase 2 studies on 5% imiquimod cream for primary nodular BCC showed high clearance rates with daily application. A study involving 194 females with chronic diffuse telogen hair loss found no clear association between low serum ferritin and hair loss, questioning the role of iron supplementation in treatment.