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Human prostate cells produce more WISP1/CCN4 when there's not enough oxygen.

This study found that a combination of spironolactone and oral contraceptive pills may improve hirsutism and hormonal profiles in women, although some experienced side effects such as persistent nausea.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

This article suggests that modern lifestyle changes, including diet, stress, and chronic anti-inflammatory medication use, may disrupt the natural process of inflammation resolution, increasing vulnerability to chronic disease.

Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.

This article outlines the clinical features, evaluation, and treatment strategies for androgen excess in polycystic ovary syndrome, highlighting important diagnostic and management approaches but reporting no new research results.

Hair loss in androgenetic alopecia is caused by genetic factors and androgen excess, and can be treated with combined therapies.

This study found that three genetic loci, including the newly identified JMJD1C, are associated with circulating testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels, explaining a small portion of their variance in European men.

In this study, researchers observed that hyperandrogenic PCOS patients exhibited distinct miRNA and TGFβ signaling gene expression patterns in granulosa cells, suggesting these factors may play a role in PCOS pathogenesis.

This article reviews the use of cross-sex hormonal therapy in transmen and reports that it is reasonably safe, suggesting monitoring should be frequent initially but can be less frequent over time.

This study reports that once neoplastic causes are excluded, functional hirsutism can be effectively treated with low-dose dexamethasone, oral contraceptives, and spironolactone.

This review examines the role of hormones in acne pathogenesis, the use of hormonal therapies for treatment, and the importance of contraceptive counseling during isotretinoin therapy, but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the management of androgenic disorders in women, highlighting that treatment is generally more effective than recognized, though improvement may take weeks or months to appear.

This review discusses the challenges in measuring testosterone for assessing androgen excess in women and emphasizes the importance of quality control in laboratory methods, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the main features of anti-androgen drugs, combined treatments, and insulin sensitizers in managing hirsutism and reports no new research findings.

In this review and meta-analysis, the authors concluded that 5α-reductase inhibitor therapy is not consistently associated with significant increases in serum testosterone levels in men.

This investigation found that certain supplements, particularly whey protein isolate, growth hormones, and anabolic steroids, can negatively impact hair loss by affecting biochemical pathways.

This study reports that hormonal therapies, particularly combined oral contraceptives, are commonly used and effective in treating acne in women, especially those with hormonal imbalances or specific acne patterns, regardless of their serum androgen levels.

This study found that male liver cirrhosis patients have higher estradiol levels and lower dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, leading to hormonal imbalances favoring estradiol, but without changing sex hormone-binding globulin's binding properties.

This article reviews the hormonal pathogenesis and treatment strategies for acne vulgaris, particularly in women with severe or treatment-resistant cases, associating it with hormonal imbalances and hyperandrogenism.

This article discusses various hormonal therapies for acne and provides practical treatment guidelines for managing hormonally related acne, but it reports no new research findings.

This review examines hormonal influences on acne development and available hormonal therapies but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the regulation of hair growth, causes of excessive androgen secretion, and current safe solutions for hyperandrogenism manifestations in women but reports no new clinical results.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne, and treatments like hormone control pills and hormone-blocking medications can help.

This article reviews the diagnosis and management of hirsutism in women, discussing its causes, assessment, and treatment options; no new clinical findings are included.

In this study, treatment with flutamide combined with a low-dose oral contraceptive significantly improved hirsutism in women with polycystic ovarian disease who did not respond to oral contraceptive treatment alone.

This study found that among older men, low levels of free dihydrotestosterone were associated with an increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation.

This review assessed the safety of oral antiandrogen treatments for female androgenetic alopecia, finding spironolactone to be potentially safe even in high-risk populations, but indicated ongoing uncertainty regarding other medications, especially for patients with a history of gynecologic cancers.

In this study, researchers investigated factors predicting resistance to clomiphene citrate in women with anovulatory PCOS, identifying AMH and SHBG levels as significant indicators, but they found no reliable thresholds for predicting resistance to the standard 50 mg/day dose.

This review discusses various anti-androgen treatments for hirsutism, including androgen receptor blockers and inhibitors, and emphasizes the role of diagnosis in selecting the most appropriate therapy, but reports no new clinical results.