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5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual, neurologic, endocrine, and cardiovascular side effects, but these are rare and usually stop after ending treatment.

Most adrenal cortex tumors are benign and non-secreting, but proper diagnosis and treatment are important due to the rare possibility of cancer.

Celiac disease patients often have psoriasis, dermatitis herpetiformis, and alopecia areata, but rarely vitiligo.

Teprotumumab for thyroid eye disease commonly causes fatigue, brittle nails, dry eyes, hair loss, muscle spasms, and dry mouth, with rare serious events like blood clots.

Antiviral drugs, especially daclatasvir, may be a new treatment for a rare skin disease, improving survival and reducing symptoms in mice.

A man's neck lump was a trichilemmal cyst, not cancer, and should be fully removed due to rare risk of becoming malignant.

An elderly woman's upper lip lump, thought to be a mucocele, was actually a rare type of lymphoma usually found on legs, treated successfully with chemotherapy and radiation.

The document concludes that Passiflora incarnata could help with anxiety, telemedicine might improve heart failure care, screen time for kids has increased, pregnant teens in Brazil are mostly okay with their body image, rare tuberculosis infection can occur after knee surgery, older and severely ill people are more likely to have long COVID-19 symptoms, HPLC might diagnose more diabetes cases, and psychiatrists should be involved in pain management.

Hair transplantation can lead to complications like pain, swelling, and rare serious issues, but risks can be reduced with careful practices.

Oral minoxidil improved male baldness, but had side effects; certain antibiotics effectively treated a rare scalp condition; hair transplants might trigger another scalp condition.

The chapter explains that there are many genetic skin disorders affecting skin cell formation, including both common and rare types.

Certain gene variations may increase the risk of alopecia, and platelet-rich plasma treatment can improve hair density in those with hair loss; a rare case of facial Becker's nevus was linked to uneven beard growth.

Some Greek melanoma patients have gene mutations linked to increased cancer risk, a new color feature helps diagnose melanoma, the incidence of a skin condition in the Netherlands is rare, and a gene possibly affects male-pattern baldness.

Amphetamine use may not cause hair loss, "geezer" traits are normal aging, not all educated older people are stereotypes, and metronidazole can rarely cause lung disease.

Finasteride is effective for male hair loss, but it may cause fertility issues, mental health problems, and rarely, breast growth. Regular health checks can reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Patient understanding and involvement in treatment is important.

The document concludes that drug repurposing, which is reusing known medicines for new illnesses, can provide faster, cheaper treatment options for various serious diseases, including cancer, COVID-19, and rare diseases.

Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Exosomes help nerve fibers grow by affecting specific cell signaling pathways.

Retinoic acid affects skin and hair health by working with specific receptors, and its absence can lead to hair loss and skin changes.

Alitretinoin may help treat alopecia areata.

A woman with high testosterone and an adrenal nodule had an ovarian tumor causing her symptoms, which improved after the tumor was removed.

All-trans retinoic acid at high doses harms goat hair growth cells and could be bad for hair growth.

Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.

Entrepreneurial companies are key to advancing dermatology treatments and patient care.

Stem cells help remove dead cells to keep tissues healthy by balancing cell replacement and clearance.

Retinoids can help treat skin pigmentation disorders by affecting melanin production.

Retinoids or their analogs could treat skin pigmentation disorders like melasma and vitiligo.

Newer retinoid drugs are effective for skin conditions but have significant side effects.

Double-stranded RNA helps regenerate hair follicles by increasing retinoic acid production and signaling.

The author clarified that Alopecia Areata Incognita (AAI) and diffuse Alopecia Areata (AA) are different conditions and the case discussed was actually AA, not AAI.