Novel Drugs Targeting Retinoic Acid Receptors

    January 2005
    Rashmi Sharma, Richa Sharma, Ujala Verma, Nusrat Kreem Bhat
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    TLDR Newer retinoid drugs are effective for skin conditions but have significant side effects.
    Retinoids, essential for various biological processes, regulated gene transcription by binding to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). The discovery of receptor co-regulators advanced retinoid studies. Systemic retinoid therapy was effective for dermatological conditions but had significant side effects. First-generation retinoids like tretinoin, isotretinoin, and alitretinoin had severe toxicities, including teratogenic effects and hair loss. Second-generation retinoids, etretinate and acitretin, were used for psoriasis and other skin disorders, showing effectiveness but also causing mucocutaneous side effects. Etretinate had a long terminal half-life, while acitretin was effective in clinical trials for ichthyosis and keratinization disorders.
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