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The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.

Some skin diseases and their treatments can negatively affect male fertility.

Spironolactone is effective for acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, female hair loss, and hirsutism but is underused in dermatology.

Puberty involves complex hormonal changes, varies by gender and ethnicity, and requires careful monitoring for abnormalities.

Higher early lead exposure is linked to delayed puberty in girls.

Late puberty may slightly lower prostate cancer risk, baldness is not linked to overall risk but less so with aggressive types, ibuprofen use may increase risk, and vitamins show no effect on risk.

Higher fluoride levels may delay puberty in boys.

PFAS exposure in adolescence may delay puberty in females.

Low selenium intake may delay puberty in boys but not in girls.

Hormones during puberty increase certain receptors in the brain, and this change is influenced by estrogen levels.

Pubertal acne is linked to hormonal changes, affects quality of life, and is treated similarly to adult acne.

Accurate assessment of puberty using Tanner staging is crucial for identifying normal and abnormal development.

Daughters of women with PCOS generally experience normal puberty but may have more body hair and different body fat distribution.

Girls with PCOS often start puberty earlier and have signs of insulin resistance from a young age.

Recurrent vaginal bleeding in young girls without puberty signs may require a genital exam to find hidden causes.

Rural Bangladeshi girls mature later than peers in other low and middle-income countries due to poor nutrition and socioeconomic conditions.

Androgenetic alopecia is a long-term, immune-related disorder that starts during puberty due to androgen secretion, and it might be improved with iron tablets, platelet transfusion, and anti-inflammation therapy.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Babies who gain weight quickly, especially in the first 3 months, may start puberty earlier.

A fungal infection can look like a different scalp condition in teens, leading to wrong treatment until proper tests are done.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.

Early medical support for transgender youth is important for their health, with low regret for gender-affirming hormone use and a need for knowledgeable care providers.

Men who start puberty later may have lower sperm quality and different hormone levels in adulthood.

Darker skin in 10-year-old girls may be an early sign of puberty.