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Using existing drugs for new purposes could be a cost-effective way to treat chest pain and non-clogged heart arteries, with some drugs for lung blood pressure showing promise but needing more testing.

Probiotics show promise for health benefits but need more research to understand how they work.

Early attempts at using cloned cells for hair transplants failed, but 3D cell growth showed some promise.

GLP-1 receptor agonists, like Dulaglutide, Liraglutide, and Semaglutide, have potential benefits beyond the pancreas, including neuroprotection, pain suppression, cardiovascular protection, obesity management, and cancer treatment, but there are concerns about pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer risks.

Alopecia areata is a chronic condition causing hair loss, with new treatments targeting the immune system showing promise.

Using three different drugs together may better treat eye diseases like glaucoma and macular degeneration.

Finasteride effectively treats male hair loss, improving growth and density.

Many treatments for hair loss show potential, but more testing is needed to confirm their effectiveness. Only minoxidil for women and minoxidil and finasteride for men are FDA approved.

Stem cells from hair follicles can safely treat hair loss.

Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

The new chemotherapy combination for advanced lung cancer showed a 35.7% response rate but caused significant side effects.

Type 2 diabetes in youth is increasing, with high treatment failure rates and more severe than Type 1; certain drugs can lower lipid levels effectively with varying side effects, and apples may benefit heart health like statins but with fewer side effects.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

The PCOS-specific questionnaire needs more work to fully measure quality of life in clinical trials.

Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.

Thuja orientalis hot water extract may help hair grow by starting the growth phase and improving hair follicle development.

Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) is a safe and effective method for skin rejuvenation, acne treatment, wound healing, body contouring, and hair growth, but more well-designed trials are needed for confirmation.

ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.

Certain drugs can cause lupus, stopping these drugs is the main treatment. NB-UVB phototherapy clears psoriasis faster when applied three times a week. Monoclonal antibodies and oral pimecrolimus are effective in treating psoriasis. Smoking and drinking are linked to psoriasis in men. No direct link between low iron and hair loss was found. Vaccines are effective against genital herpes and human papillomavirus type 16.

Certain drugs that block specific enzymes can help treat prostate diseases.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Ritlecitinib is safe and well-tolerated for treating alopecia areata in patients aged 12 and older.

Linoleic acid from Malva verticillata seeds may help treat hair loss by promoting hair cell growth and blocking baldness signals.

The document concludes that scalp cooling and treatments like minoxidil can help manage hair loss from cancer therapy.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

No cure for female pattern hair loss, but various effective treatments exist.

Oral JAK inhibitors are effective and safe for treating alopecia areata but may need ongoing use to keep results.

A new therapy sped up wound healing and reduced scarring in diabetic rats.

New treatments targeting T-cell pathways are needed for better alopecia areata management.