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This study identified distinct and significant adverse event patterns across different drug classes used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, confirming known risks and suggesting novel safety signals for further investigation.

This study analyzed the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System and found distinct safety signals and adverse event patterns among α1-blockers, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and tadalafil used in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, emphasizing known risks and identifying potential new ones that require further study.

This retrospective pharmacovigilance study reviewed adverse event reports from 2004 to 2025 for drugs treating benign prostatic hyperplasia, identifying distinct safety signals for α1-blockers, 5ARIs, and PDE5I, including some potential new adverse events that require further investigation.

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms, efficacy, and adverse reactions of drugs commonly used for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia but reports no new clinical results.

This study found that combining 5-alpha reductase inhibitors with alpha-blockers provided the best symptomatic relief and reduced the risk of clinical progression for BPH, while PDE5 inhibitors could offset sexual side effects.

This review discusses the use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors for alopecia, finding promising preliminary results with topical caffeine for androgenetic alopecia and telogen effluvium, but limited success in alopecia areata.

Finasteride for hair loss in young men may significantly increase the risk of sexual dysfunction.

This study found that tadalafil use was associated with a decreased risk of major adverse cardiac events and venous thromboembolism in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Finasteride for hair loss in young men increases the risk of sexual dysfunction.

Long-term finasteride use may lead to earlier use of ED medication and lower prostate cancer diagnosis rates.

In this large retrospective study, low-dose finasteride for androgenetic alopecia was associated with an increased risk of erectile dysfunction at one and three years among men aged 18-45.

In this study, men using finasteride-1 mg long-term for androgenic alopecia were more likely to receive PDE5i prescriptions sooner than non-users, while also having reduced rates of elevated PSA and prostate cancer diagnoses.

This review details contemporary medical management options for benign prostatic hyperplasia, highlighting the expanding role of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and beta-3 agonists, but reports no new clinical findings.

Young men taking finasteride for hair loss have a higher risk of sexual dysfunction.

Finasteride may be a promising treatment for recurrent priapism in sickle cell anemia.

This study found that phosphodiesterase inhibitors may suppress the proliferation of benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cells by modulating CCL5 levels in low androgen conditions.

This study suggests that using finasteride for alopecia or BPH may be less associated with suicidality and psychological adverse events when combined with PDE5 inhibitors or testosterone, possibly offering protective benefits.

This document outlines recommendations from an international panel on testosterone therapy for aging men with late-onset hypogonadism, emphasizing the need for careful assessment and monitoring due to limited long-term safety data.

This review provides an overview of the risks and side effects associated with common medications used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, highlighting the importance for clinicians and patients to discuss these aspects for informed decision-making.

This review discusses sexual dysfunction as a side effect of α-blockers and 5-ARIs for BPH/LUTS, highlighting methodological flaws in existing studies and the need for more rigorous research.

This review found that oral and topical phosphodiesterase inhibitors and topical prostaglandin analogues are safe and effective treatments for various skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and alopecia.

This study found that udenafil-treated adipose-derived stem cells accelerated hair growth in mice by enhancing stem cell activity and growth factor secretion through the ERK and NFκB pathways.

Doxazosin and finasteride negatively affect sexual function in men with BPH.

This review discusses the impact of hormones on female sexual function and dysfunction, highlighting the complexity and gaps in basic research, and reports no new clinical findings.

This letter to the editor comments on the association between androgenetic alopecia and increased scalp hardness, exploring the possible role of phosphodiesterase inhibitors but provides no new clinical results.

This study found that young men with post-finasteride syndrome may experience erectile dysfunction due to potential histologic changes in penile tissue, despite having normal penile Doppler hemodynamics.

This review discusses the management of recurrent ischemic priapism, highlighting that various treatments show differing efficacy and side effect profiles but that more research is needed to refine these strategies.

The Princeton III Consensus recommends assessing cardiovascular risk in men with erectile dysfunction and prioritizing heart health before treating ED, especially in those with potential heart disease.

This review discusses the challenges in developing combination therapies for urological conditions and notes that regulatory requirements and financial disincentives hinder progress, without presenting new clinical findings.

The researchers reported an increased risk of malignant melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers with the use of angiotensin-receptor blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and thiazides in a large patient study.