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This study found that intracellular Toll-like receptors were significantly up-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of alopecia areata patients, suggesting a potential role in inflammatory signaling and pathogenesis.

This review discusses the effects of valproic acid on immune cell activation and gene expression, potentially influencing infection outcomes and suggesting its promise for autoimmune and hypersensitivity condition management.

This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical evaluation, and pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights recent advancements, but it does not report new clinical findings.

In this study, researchers found that alopecia areata patients show a significant reduction in suppressive regulatory T-cells and an increase in inflammatory T-cell populations, suggesting an immunological imbalance contributing to the disease.

This review discusses the complex mechanisms regulating skin immunity to balance host defense with inflammation, but reports no new findings.

Immunosuppressive therapy helps manage autoimmune diseases but carries risks like infection and potential for malignancy.

This background review discusses alopecia areata, highlighting the role of CD8+NKG2D+ T cells in hair follicle pathogenesis, and notes that the exact mechanisms causing hair loss remain unclear.

This study found that lineage-restricted loss of p63 in murine thymic epithelial cells resulted in severe thymic hypoplasia and absence of hair follicles, indicating p63's critical role in thymic and hair follicle development.

This review discusses how inflammation influences hair follicle stem cell activities like wound healing and follicle cycling and suggests a potential link between inflammation, stem cell activation, and programmed cell death.

In this study, the researchers used a human hair follicle model to demonstrate that T cell stimulation can induce an alopecia areata–like phenotype, with cell proliferation and immune privilege collapse; however, the DHODH inhibitor farudodstat partially mitigated these effects by reducing T cell proliferation.

This review discusses sex differences in immune response to respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2, and highlights that hormones like estrogen may provide females with better protection, but it reports no new results.

In this clinical trial, patients with lichen planopilaris treated with the oral TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib showed significant improvement in PGA, LPPAI, and Skindex-16 scores over 24 weeks, with transcriptomic analyses indicating decreased inflammatory and immune pathway activity post-treatment.

This study reports two siblings with severe combined immunodeficiency due to a mutation in the FOXN1 gene, characterized by T-cell immunodeficiency, alopecia totalis, and nail dystrophy.

This article discusses the MendelVar webserver, which integrates Mendelian disease data with GWAS findings to prioritize candidate genes for complex traits and reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the potential of single cell technologies to improve understanding and treatment of impaired wound healing and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the complex causes and treatment challenges of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, emphasizing the need for biomarkers to predict treatment responses; it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential autoimmune pathogenesis and various contributing factors of alopecia areata, noting that current treatments remain palliative while emerging therapies offer new hope for extensive cases.

In this study, researchers identified a specific T cell receptor associated with carbamazepine-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions, demonstrating its potential for therapeutic development in patients with the HLA-B*15:02 genotype.

This article compares the immunology of cancer and the placenta and suggests that immunotherapy for pregnant cancer patients could be feasible with careful exploration, though no new clinical results are reported.

Genetic changes in specific proteins contribute to hair loss in some women of African descent.

This article reviews potential factors influencing Behçet's disease, like increased neutrophil functions, immunological changes, stress, and hormonal alterations, but it presents no new clinical results.

In this case report, two plywood mill workers developed allergic contact dermatitis due to exposure to uncured phenol-formaldehyde resin, not sawdust as initially suspected.

This is the first report of the FOXN1 p.R255X mutation from India, demonstrating the global spread of this genetic mutation previously found only in an Italian community.

This study found that Oncostatin M, via JAK-STAT5 signaling, keeps hair follicle stem cells inactive, and its removal leads to hair growth initiation in mice.

This review discusses the potential of JAK inhibitors as a promising treatment strategy for alopecia areata, highlighting their mechanism and recent FDA approval based on clinical trial efficacy.

This study concluded that hair follicle hyperplasia found in pseudolymphomatous folliculitis can also occur in genuine cutaneous lymphomas, potentially as a coincidental result of underlying pathological processes.

The review concludes that accurate diagnosis of different types of hair loss requires proper biopsy techniques and understanding the hair growth cycle and underlying causes.

This study observed that 2.5% of patients with mycosis fungoides or Szary syndrome experienced alopecia, predominantly within skin lesions, with scalp metastases from other cancers also potentially causing hair loss, highlighting the diagnostic value of trichoscopy in differentiating alopecia types.

This report describes two cases where female patients with chronic granulomatous disease developed manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, highlighting a rare association that may influence clinical evaluation and treatment planning.

This study reports a novel mutation in the TP63 gene associated with T and B cell lymphopenia in an EEC patient, suggesting that EEC diagnosis should include TREC assay and evaluation for immunodeficiency.