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Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

A girl with rickets and hair loss was found to have a rare condition where her body didn't respond to vitamin D treatment.

Skin has specialized touch receptors that can tell different sensations apart.

Memantine may slightly improve memory in people with Down syndrome, but more research is needed.

COVID-19 can cause various skin lesions, which may result from the virus and immune response, and are not directly linked to illness severity.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Excessive selenium from a supplement caused toxicity but patients recovered with care.

Acne treatment varies, with topical and systemic therapies effective, and more research needed on treatment order and long-term effects.

Toxic Shock Syndrome progresses quickly, often involves multiple organs, and is linked to Staphylococcus aureus toxins, with treatment options available but diagnostic challenges remaining.

Mesenchymal stem cells show potential for skin healing and anti-aging, but more research is needed for safe use, especially regarding stem cells from induced pluripotent sources.

Women with PCOS often have skin problems like excessive hair, acne, hair loss, and dark patches, which can be treated with hormonal and non-hormonal therapies.

Minoxidil and finasteride are effective for male hair loss, minoxidil for female hair loss, and various treatments like corticosteroids work for alopecia areata; treatment should be tailored to the individual.

The document concludes that skin biopsies, genetic and environmental factors, and specific treatments are important in managing cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a severe skin condition often caused by drugs, with complex treatment and a high risk of death, but survivors usually heal without scars.

The document says to treat cat fungal infections with medicine and clean the environment, noting that cats without symptoms can still spread it to humans.

Niosomes are promising for skin drug delivery, offering benefits like improved drug penetration and stability.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

Topical drugs and near-infrared light therapy show potential for treating alopecia.

SAHA syndrome is a condition in women involving skin and hair issues, often related to hormonal imbalances, and is treated based on the underlying cause.

Low-dose finasteride may cause lasting sexual dysfunction and suicidal thoughts in young men.

Trichoscopy is a quick, noninvasive method to diagnose hair and scalp disorders, often reducing the need for biopsies.

Oral dutasteride and topical pimecrolimus can safely and effectively treat Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, leading to significant hair regrowth.

Tiny needles with valproic acid can effectively regrow hair.

The conclusion is that Fgf18 and Tgf-ß signaling could be targeted for hair loss treatments.

Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.

Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Fulvestrant is a well-tolerated new treatment for advanced breast cancer that may delay chemotherapy.

Skin problems are very common in people with end-stage kidney disease.