1 citations,
July 2021 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Removing the outer layer of skin cells from hair grafts does not change the graft survival rate but may improve how it looks right after surgery.
January 2024 in “RSC pharmaceutics” Removing the outer skin layer increases drug absorption and offers non-invasive treatment options, with some methods allowing for quick skin recovery.
November 2023 in “npj regenerative medicine” Skin spheroids with both outer and inner layers are key for regrowing skin patterns and hair.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The human skin's outer layer has more variety in cell types and development paths than previously thought.
57 citations,
January 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” Skin stem cells maintain and repair the outer layer of skin, with some types being essential for healing wounds.
48 citations,
May 1991 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Trichohyalin is also found in the outer layers of normal human skin.
45 citations,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Cat claws stay sharp by shedding their outer layer through microcracks formed during activities.
10 citations,
November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
2 citations,
November 2019 in “BMC urology” The junction of the inner and outer prepuce with good blood flow is ideal for surgical flaps.
2 citations,
January 2005 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document describes skin diseases affecting the outer ear in dogs and cats, their spread to other body parts, and treatment options.
The document discusses various diseases of the outer ear, categorized by symptoms like redness, crusts, bumps, pus-filled lesions, lumps, ulcers, and hair loss.
October 2019 in “Research Square (Research Square)” The junction of the inner and outer prepuce with good blood flow is best for vascular pedicle flaps.
375 citations,
June 2013 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research” Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
32 citations,
March 1988 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Retinoids can help treat skin disorders by improving the skin's outer layer.
7 citations,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
25 citations,
February 2007 in “Forensic science international” Different hair cleaning methods caused varying levels of damage to the hair's outer layer.
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” Pubic hair has a thicker, more protective outer layer than scalp hair, possibly due to evolution.
12 citations,
February 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.
June 1996 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Vitamin D3 applied to mouse skin caused more wrinkles and sagging due to changes in the skin's outer layer.
18 citations,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
5 citations,
March 2009 in “Pediatric Dermatology” The study found that pili bifurcati causes hair to intermittently split into two branches, each with its own outer layer.
949 citations,
January 2001 in “Cell” Adult mouse skin contains stem cells that can create new hair, skin, and oil glands.
173 citations,
July 1995 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Male hormones promote hair cell growth by using a growth factor from nearby skin cells.
171 citations,
July 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A substance called DKK-1 increases in balding areas and causes hair cells to die when exposed to DHT.
149 citations,
June 2010 in “The FASEB journal” miR-31 regulates hair growth by controlling gene expression in hair follicles.
139 citations,
December 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” K6hf is a unique protein found only in a specific layer of hair follicles.
130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
124 citations,
November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
120 citations,
August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.
105 citations,
May 2011 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Activating TRPV3 stops human hair growth.