2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” This letter discusses androgenic signs and disorders in Greek female patients with acne and reports no new clinical findings.
October 2010 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” Women with pituitary adenomas often have reproductive issues, like irregular periods and trouble getting pregnant, but not always breast milk production without pregnancy.
June 2022 in “European Psychiatry” This case report discusses the intertwined nature of eating disorders and gender dysphoria in a patient, suggesting that ED symptoms in individuals with GD might act as a strategy to cope with biological sex traits.
9 citations
,
October 2015 in “PubMed” This review discusses the evaluation and management of acne in adult women, emphasizing the importance of considering androgen excess, but it reports no new clinical findings.
2 citations
,
May 1999 in “PubMed” This overview discusses the causes and evaluation of hyperandrogenism in Australian women and reviews current management strategies, without presenting new clinical results.
April 2022 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This study found significant signals of sexual dysfunction associated with finasteride use, particularly in younger patients treated for alopecia, though confounding factors may partly contribute to reported cases.
10 citations
,
October 2018 in “Sexual medicine reviews” This review discusses sexual side effects in men with androgenic alopecia treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and reports no new clinical findings.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Endocrinology” This paper discusses four rare causes of hyperandrogenism in women, emphasizing the importance of detailed biochemical testing and invasive diagnostic tools when imaging fails to identify ovarian tumors.
26 citations
,
July 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” Male infertility and genitourinary birth defects are often linked to genetic issues.
223 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This review discusses persistent adverse effects of 5α‐reductase inhibitors, like diminished libido and erectile dysfunction, in some patients and highlights the need for patient discussions before therapy, especially for androgenetic alopecia.
352 citations
,
January 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study reported that classic anovulatory PCOS was the most common androgen excess disorder, followed by mild ovulatory PCOS and idiopathic hyperandrogenism, among patients evaluated for clinical hyperandrogenism.
9 citations
,
March 2021 in “Hormones” This review discusses how COVID-19 may affect gonadal function and potential gender differences, but reports no clinical results; it highlights possible mechanisms and new treatment approaches from recent literature.
March 2023 in “Zdorov'â čolovìka” This article reviews how various medications, such as antihypertensives, chemotherapy, and hormonal contraceptives, are associated with negative effects on sexual desire and function but reports no new clinical results.
7 citations
,
April 2011 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” This case report highlights the importance of considering exogenous androgen exposure, such as transdermal testosterone cream used by a partner, in the diagnosis of virilization among women.
November 2024 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Results are not reported in the provided abstract, which issues an expression of concern regarding a 1997 article published in Gynecological Endocrinology.
January 2021 in “Brazilian Journal of Development” This study found that women with androgenic alopecia in Patos, Brazil, experienced significant psychological and social impacts, including feelings of frustration, low self-esteem, and social withdrawal.
78 citations
,
December 2008 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” This review highlights that sexual dysfunction associated with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors is recognized in clinical literature, with erectile dysfunction being the most common adverse effect, followed by ejaculatory dysfunction and decreased libido.
67 citations
,
April 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This study describes a family with X-linked gynecomastia and undervirilization in men, finding a subtle androgen receptor abnormality that may not always lead to infertility despite androgen resistance.
12 citations
,
October 2018 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” This review discusses lesser-known concerns in transgender dermatology, including neovaginal issues, neoplastic and autoimmune conditions, and the effects of unapproved injectable substances, but reports no new clinical findings.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Sexual and Relationship Therapy” This review summarizes existing clinical guidelines for hormonal therapy in gender dysphoria, observing similarities in international practices and emphasizing the need for more evidence-based research, particularly on GnRH agonists for both trans women and men.
March 2020 in “European Journal of Pediatric Dermatology” This article highlights that isotretinoin can rarely cause persistent sexual dysfunction, similar to finasteride and certain antidepressants, a side effect not mentioned in the drug’s data sheet.
December 2022 in “Archives of Clinical Trials” In this case series study, mild ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was reported in only one out of 118 PCOS patients receiving highly purified HMG injections for IVF treatment.
35 citations
,
April 2013 in “Sexual medicine reviews” This review found that 5α-reductase inhibitors are associated with slightly increased rates of sexual dysfunction, gynecomastia, and mood disorders, but the true significance and persistence of these effects remain unclear.
July 2024 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study presents two adolescent cases of ovarian hyperthecosis, a rare cause of severe hyperandrogenism, highlighting management strategies involving gonadotropin suppression and hormone replacement after excluding androgen-producing adrenal and ovarian tumors.
58 citations
,
September 1991 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that women with androgenetic alopecia reported more psychosocial problems and lower self-esteem than women with non-visible skin conditions and men with androgenetic alopecia, which they attributed to their hair loss.
3 citations
,
October 1995 in “Southern Medical Journal” Finasteride may cause breast enlargement, low testosterone a risk factor.
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Understanding genes and hormones is crucial for managing male puberty and sex development disorders.
84 citations
,
September 2014 in “European journal of endocrinology” This review examines the causes and characteristics of androgen excess in postmenopausal women, but reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize challenges in diagnosis and potential long-term health impacts.
March 2026 in “Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society” This research highlights that migraine in midlife women, during perimenopause, often becomes more frequent and intense, with evolving characteristics like migraine aura, and is associated with increased stroke risk, especially with hormone therapies.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” This study found a significant association between patients' sex of rearing and external genitalia in those with gonadal dysgenesis, while noting lower testosterone levels compared to controls.