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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Two main types of fibroblasts with unique functions and additional subtypes were identified in human skin.

Different types of skin cells play specific roles in development, healing, and cancer.

PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.

Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.

Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Visible light can damage skin and most sunscreens don't block it well; more research is needed on its effects and protection methods.

Some herbal therapies may help with skin conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

Researchers created human hair follicles using a new method that could help treat hair loss.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Hair follicle stem cells are key for hair and skin regeneration, can be reprogrammed, and have potential therapeutic uses, but also carry a risk of cancer.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.

Patients with certain skin symptoms and high ANA titers should be monitored for potential systemic lupus.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

Different types of stem cells and their environments are key to skin repair and maintenance.

The document concludes that understanding hair structure is key to diagnosing hair abnormalities and recommends gentle hair care for management.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

TRP channels in the skin are important for sensation and health, and targeting them could help treat skin disorders.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.