Sex Hormones and Related Compounds, Including Hormonal Contraceptives

January 2015 in “ Side effects of drugs annual ”

Marta Millán, Santos Castañeda

TLDR The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

The document from 2015 examines the adverse effects and potential benefits of sex hormones and related compounds, including hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. It discusses the long-term consequences of diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, the varying effects of hormone replacement therapy on health outcomes, and the introduction of tissue selective estrogen complexes (TSECs) for menopausal therapy. The document also explores the impact of hormonal contraceptives on metabolism, body composition, and cancer risks, citing studies with varying numbers of participants, such as a study with 32 women on contraceptive regimens, the Nurses' Health Study with 121,701 participants, and a case-control study with 985 cases and 882 controls. Additionally, it reviews the effects of sex hormones on conditions like obesity, breast cancer, myocardial hypertrophy, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), mentioning studies on mice and human subjects, including a study on premenopausal women with breast cancer and a case report on etonogestrel implants for cystic fibrosis. The document also addresses the risks associated with anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), antiandrogens, and 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, highlighting the need for awareness of these potential adverse effects.

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Research cited in this study

2 / 2 results

A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study: The Use of 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors and the Increased Risk of Osteoporosis Diagnosis in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

research A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study: The Use of 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors and the Increased Risk of Osteoporosis Diagnosis in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

22 citations, August 2014 in “Clinical endocrinology”

Taking finasteride for benign prostate hyperplasia may increase the risk of osteoporosis, especially at higher doses.

research Long-Term Use of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and the Risk of Male Breast Cancer

28 citations, August 2014 in “Cancer Causes & Control”

Taking 5α-reductase inhibitors does not significantly increase the risk of breast cancer in men.

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