Skin Microbiome, Metabolome and Skin Phenome, from the Perspectives of Skin as an Ecosystem

Skin bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus, help in wound healing and hair growth by using IL-1β signaling. Using antibiotics on skin wounds can slow down this natural healing process.

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Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.

Understanding how EDC genes are regulated can help develop better drugs for skin diseases.

The 810-nm diode laser improves skin texture in keratosis pilaris but not redness.

Demodex mites can cause skin issues, especially in people with weak immune systems.