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Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

A new mutation in the human glucocorticoid receptor reduces its function and causes resistance to glucocorticoids.

The article concludes that while we understand a lot about how melanocytes age and how this can prevent cancer, there are still unanswered questions about certain pathways and genes involved.

Mannosylerythritol lipids are good for skin and hair care products.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Targeting glucocorticoid action might help treat type-2 diabetes, but human trials are needed.

The document concludes that while there are promising methods to control CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, more research is needed to overcome challenges related to safety and effectiveness for clinical use.

BLIMP1 is essential for skin maintenance but not for defining sebaceous gland progenitors.

Estrogens generally inhibit hair growth and improve skin quality, but their exact effects on hair follicles are complex and not fully understood.

Wnt signaling is important for development and cell regulation but can cause diseases like cancer when not working properly.

Polyamines help fix DNA damage accurately in cells.

Inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 show potential for treating type 2 diabetes but require more testing for safety and effectiveness.

Autophagy is important for human hair growth and health.

Drug repurposing is a cost-effective way to find new uses for existing drugs, speeding up treatment development.

The conclusion suggests that prostate cancer should be classified by castration status and that new therapies targeting androgen receptor signaling show promise.

Ziziphus jujuba Mills may have health benefits, but more research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

The ITGB6 gene is important for tissue repair and hair growth, and mutations can lead to enamel defects and other health issues.

Safflower has been used in traditional medicine for centuries and shows promise in treating heart, brain, and inflammatory conditions, but more research is needed to ensure its safety.

The document concludes that primary scarring alopecias cause permanent hair loss, have unpredictable outcomes, and lack definitive treatments, requiring personalized care.

Cholesterol balance is important for hair health, and problems with it can lead to hair loss conditions.

ATP increases melanin production in skin after UV exposure, with the P2X7 receptor being crucial for this process.